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C (Programming Language)

Q1. Which Code sample will eventually cause the computer to run out of memory?
  • [x]
while(1)
{
    char *smallString = (char *) malloc(10);
}
  • [ ]
long long number = 1;
    while(1)
    number *= 2;
  • [ ]
while(1)
{
    char hugeString[1000000L];
    memset(hugeString, 0, 1000000L);
}
  • [ ]
while(1)
{
    long *bigArray = (long *) malloc(sizeof(long) * 1000);
    memset(bigArray, 1000000, 1000);
    free(bigArray);
}

Q2. What will this code print on the screen?

int f1 (int a, int b)
{
    if (a > b)
    {
        printf("A is greater than B\n");
        return 1;
    }
    else
    {
        printf("B is greater than A");
        return 0;
    }
}

main()
{
    if (f1(20,10) || f1(10,20))
        printf("C is fun!\n");
}
  • [x]
A is greater then B
C is fun!
  • [ ]
A is greater then B
B is greater then A
C is fun!
  • [ ]
A is greater then B
B is greater then A
  • Nothing is printed on Screen

Q3. What is the name for calling a function inside the same function?

  • recursion
  • subfunction
  • inner call
  • infinite loop

Q4. What does the declaration of variable c2 demonstrate?

main(){
    char c1 ='a';
    char c2 = c1+10;
}
  • character arithmetic
  • undefined assignment
  • type conversion
  • invalid declaration

Q5. A pointer to void named vptr, has been set to point to a floating point variable named g. What is the valid way to dereference vptr to assign its pointed value to a float variable named f later in this program?

float g;
void *vptr=&g;
  • f = _(float _)vptr;
  • f = (float *)vptr;
  • f = *(float *)vptr;
  • f = *(float)vptr;

Q6. What is this declaration an example of?

struct s {
    int i;
    struct s *s1;
    struct s *s2;
};
  • a node
  • a linked list
  • a stack
  • a binary tree

Q7. A C header file is a file with extension .h that contains function declarations and macro definitons to be shared between several source files. Header files are listed using the preprocessing directive #include, and can have one of the following formats: #include <fileA> or #include "fileB". What is the difference between these two formats?

  • The preprocessor will try to locate the fileA in same directory as the source file, and the fileB in a predetermined directory path.
  • The preprocessor will try to locate the fileA in the fixed system directory. It will try to locate fileB in the directory path designated by the -l option added to the command line while compiling the source code.
  • The file using fileA syntax must be system files, of unlimited number. fileB must be a user file at a maximun of one per source file.
  • The preprocessor will try to locate the fileA in a predetermined directory path. It will try to locate fileB in the same directory as the source file along with a custom directory path.

Q8. Using a for loop, how could you write a C code to count down from 10 to 1 and display each number on its own line?

  • [ ]
for (int i = 0; i>=0, i--){
    printf("%d\n", i);
}//end of loop
  • [ ]
int i;
for (i=1; i<=10; i++){
    printf("%d", i);
}
  • [ ]
int i = 10;
while (i>0){
    printf("%d\n", i);
    i--;
}
  • [x]
int i;
for (i= 10; i>0; i--){
    printf("%d\n", i);
}// end of loop

Q9. What is not one of the reserved words in standard C?

  • volatile
  • typeof
  • register
  • typedef

Reference

Q10. What does the program shown below return?

int main(){
    int a=1, b=2, c=3, d=4;
    int x = a;
    if (a>b)
    if (b<c) x=b;
    else x=c;
    return(x);
}
  • 1
  • 3
  • 2
  • 0

Q11. Using the Union declaration below, how many bytes of memory space will the data of this type occupy?

union Cars {
    char make[20];
    char model[30];
    short year;
} car;
  • 32
  • 54
  • 30
  • 52

Q12. In this code sample, what is not a problem for C compiler?

main(){
    constant int PI = 3.14;
    printf("%f\n", pi);
}
  • The value of PI needs to be set to 3.141593, not 3.14
  • The declaration of PI needs to say const, not constant.
  • The data type of PI needs to be float not int.
  • The printf statement needs to use PI, not pi.

Q13. Which is the smallest program to compile and run without errors?

  • main()
  • int main() {return 0;}
  • main() { }
  • main() { ; }

Reference

Q14. What is optional in a function declaration?

  • data type of parameters
  • return type of function
  • parameter names
  • number of parameters

Q15. C treats all devices, such as the display and the keyboard, as files. Which files opens automatically when a program executes?

  • stdout
  • stdio.h
  • default.h
  • string.h

Q16. In which segment does dynamic memory allocation takes place?

  • BSS Segment
  • stack
  • heap
  • data segment

Reference

Q17. Which of the following do you use to deallocate memory?

  • dalloc()
  • dealloc()
  • release()
  • free()

Reference

Q18. In C language what are the basic building blocks that are constructed together to write a program?

  • keywords
  • identifiers
  • tokens
  • functions

Q19. When is memory for a variable allocated?

  • during the assigment of the variable
  • during the initialization of the variable
  • during the declaration of the variable
  • during the definition of the variable

Q20. By default c uses the call by value method to pass arguments to functions. How can you invoke the call by reference method?

  • by using pointers
  • by declaring functions separately from defining them
  • by using recursive functions
  • by using global variables

Q21. A union allows you to store different ___ in the same ___.

  • Objects; Structure
  • Variables; Declaration
  • Data types; Memory location
  • Arrays; Header file

Q22. What is the output of this program?

main() {
    char c1='a' , c2='A';
    int i=c2-c1;
    printf("%d", i);
}
  • 32
  • Runtime error
  • -32
  • 0

Q23. What is the difference between scanf() and sscanf() functions?

  • The scanf() function reads data formatted as a string; The sscanf() function reads string input from the screen.
  • The scanf() function reads formatted data from the keyboard; The sscanf() function reads formatted input from a string.
  • The scanf() function reads string data from the keyboard; The sscanf() function reads string data from a string.
  • The scanf() function reads formatted data from a file; The sscanf() function reads input from a selected string

Q24. What is not a valid command with this declaration?

char *string[20] = { "one", "two", "three"};
  • printf("%c", string[1][2]);
  • printf("%s", string[1][2]);
  • printf("%s", string[1]);
  • printf(string[1]);

Q25. What is the expression player->name equivalent to?

  • player.name
  • (\*player).name
  • \*player.name
  • player.\*name

Q26. Which program will compile and run without errors?

  • [ ]
main() {
    for(i=0; i<10; i++) ;
}
  • [x]
main() {
int i=0;
    for(; i<10; i++) ;
}
  • [ ]
main() {
    int i;
    for(i=0; i<j; i++) ;
}
  • [ ]
main() {
int i;
    for (i= 10; i<10; i++)
}

Q27. What does this function call return?

1 main() { float x = f1(10, 5); }
2 float f1(int a, int b) { return (a/b); }
  • 2
  • 2.000000
  • a runtime error
  • a compiler error

Q28. What does this program create?

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    int *p = NULL;
    return 0;
}
  • a runtime error
  • a NULL pointer
  • a compile error
  • a void pointer

Q29. What is an alternative way to write the expression (*x).y?

  • There is no equivalent.
  • x->y
  • *x->y
  • y->x

Q30. Compile time errors are static errors that can be found where in the code?

  • in declarations and definitions
  • in functions and expressions
  • in syntax and semantics
  • in objects and statements

Q31. File input and output (I/O) in C is heavily based on the way it is done ___?

  • in Unix
  • in C++
  • in C#
  • in DOS

Q32. What does the strcmp(str1, str2); function return?

  • 0 if str1 and str2 are the same, a negative number if str1 is less than str2, a positive number if str1 is greater than str2
  • true (1) if str1 and str2 are the same, false (0) if str1 and str2 are not the same
  • true (1) if str1 and str2 are the same, NULL if str1 and str2 are not the same
  • 0 if str1 and str2 are the same, a negative number if str2 is less than str1, a positive number if str2 is greater than str1

Q33. What is the output of this program?

int a=10, b=20;
int f1(a) { return(a*b); }
main() {
printf("%d", f1(5));
}
  • 100
  • 200
  • 5
  • 50

Q34. Which is not a correct way to declare a string variable?

  • char *string = "Hello World";
  • char string = "Hello World";
  • char string[20] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd'};
  • char string[] = "Hello World";

Q35. Which choice is an include guard for the header file mylib.h?

  • [ ]
#ifdef MYLIB_H
#undef MYLIB_H

// mylib.h content

#endif /* MYLIB_H */
  • [x]
#ifndef MYLIB_H
#define MYLIB_H

// mylib.h content

#endif /* MYLIB_H */
  • [ ]
#define MYLIB_H
#include "mylib.h"

#undef MYLIB_H
  • [ ]
#ifdef MYLIB_H
#define MYLIB_H

// mylib.h content

#endif /* MYLIB_H */

Q36. How many times does the code inside the while loop get executed in this program?

main(){
 int x=1;
 while(x++<100){
    x*=x;
    if(x<10) continue;
    if(x>50) break
 }
}
  • 100
  • 3
  • 5
  • 50

Q37. File input and output (I/O) in C is done through what?

  • syntax-driven components
  • native interfaces
  • system objects
  • function calls

Q38. Directives are translated by the?

  • Pre-processor
  • Compiler
  • Linker
  • Editor

Q39. The main loop structures in C programming are the for loop, the while loop, and which other loop?

  • do...while
  • for...in
  • repeat...until
  • do...until

Q40. By default, C Functions are what type of functions?

  • global
  • static
  • library
  • system

Q41. You have written a function that you want to include as a member of structure a. How is such as structure member defiened?

  • [x]
struct a {
    void *f1;
};
  • [ ]
struct a {
    void (*f1)();
};
  • [ ]
struct a {
    *(void *f1)();
};
  • [ ]
struct a {
    void *f1();
};

Q42. A Stack data structure allows all data operations at one end only, making it what kind of an implementation?

  • FIFO
  • LIFO
  • LILO
  • LOLI

Q43. What does this program display?

main(){
    char *p = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    int i;
    for (i=0;i<5;i++) *p++; *p++;
    printf("%c",*p++);
}
  • K
  • M
  • H
  • G

Q44. Describe the relationship between lvalue and rvalue.

  • An lvalue may appear only on the left-hand side of an assignment; an rvalue may appear only on the right-hand side.
  • An lvalue may appear only on the left-hand side of an assignment; an rvalue may appear on either the left-hand or right-hand side.
  • An lvaue and an rvalue may appear on either left-hand or right-hand side of an assignment.
  • An lvalue may appear on the left-hand or right-hand side of an assignment; an rvalue may appear only on the right-hand side.

Q45. Which operator is used to access the address of a variable?

  • %
  • **
  • *
  • &

Q46. Which add function properly returns the updated value of result?

  • [x]
void add (int a, int b, int *result)
{
    *result = a+b;
}

main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 20;
    int result = 0;

    add(a,b,&result);
}
  • [ ]
void add (int a, int b, int result)
{
    result = a+b;
}

main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 20;
    int result = 0;

    add(a,b,result);
}
  • [ ]
void add (int a, int b, int *result)
{
    result = a+b;
}

main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 20;
    int result = 0;

    add(a,b,result);
}
  • [ ]
void add (int *a, int *b, int *result)
{
    result = a+b;
}

main()
{
    int a = 10;
    int b = 20;
    int result = 0;

    add(*a,*b,*result);
}

Q47. Consider the number of the Fibonacci series below 100: 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89. Which piece of code outputs the sequence?

  • [ ]
void fibonacci(int a, int b)
{
    int c = a+b;

    if(a>100)
       return;

    printf("%d", a);

    fibonacci(a,b);
}

int main()
{
    fibonacci(0,1);
}
  • [ ]
void fibonacci(int a, int b)
{
    int c = a+b;

    if(a>100)
       return;

    printf("%d", b);

    fibonacci(a,c);
}

int main()
{
    fibonacci(0,1);
}
  • [x]
void fibonacci(int a, int b)
{
    int c = a+b;

    if(a>100)
       return;

    printf("%d", a);

    fibonacci(b,c);
}

int main()
{
    fibonacci(0,1);
}
  • [ ]
void fibonacci(int a, int b)
{
    int c = a+b;

    if(a>100)
       return;

    printf("%d", c);

    fibonacci(b,c);
}

int main()
{
    fibonacci(0,1);
}

Q48. Which is not a storage class specifier?

  • intern
  • extern
  • register
  • static

Reference

Q49. Which line of code, after execution, results in i having the value of 1?

  • for(i=1; i<=1; i++);
  • for(i=1; i=10; i++);
  • for(i=1; i==10; i++);
  • for(i=10; i>=1; i--);

Q50. What is the value of variable c at the end of this program?

1 main() {
2   int a, b, c;
3   a=10; b=50;
4   c=a * b % a;
5 }
  • 50
  • 5
  • 0
  • 500

Q51. What is not one of the basic data types in C

  • long double
  • unsigned char
  • array
  • float