mythesis.bbl

\begin{thebibliography}{100}

\bibitem{adams2019uniswap}
H.~Adams.
\newblock Uniswap.
\newblock {\em URl: https://uniswap.org/docs}, 2019.

\bibitem{adams2021uniswap}
H.~Adams, N.~Zinsmeister, M.~Salem, R.~Keefer, and D.~Robinson.
\newblock Uniswap v3 core.
\newblock 2021.

\bibitem{adler2018astraea}
J.~Adler, R.~Berryhill, A.~Veneris, Z.~Poulos, N.~Veira, and A.~Kastania.
\newblock Astraea: A decentralized blockchain oracle.
\newblock In {\em 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things
  (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE
  Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data
  (SmartData)}, pages 1145--1152. IEEE, 2018.

\bibitem{al2020trustworthy}
H.~Al-Breiki, M.~H.~U. Rehman, K.~Salah, and D.~Svetinovic.
\newblock Trustworthy blockchain oracles: Review, comparison, and open research
  challenges.
\newblock {\em IEEE Access}, 8:85675--85685, 2020.

\bibitem{alizadeh2012survey}
M.~Alizadeh, M.~Zamani, A.~R. Shahemabad, J.~Shayan, and A.~Azarnik.
\newblock A survey on attacks in rfid networks.
\newblock {\em Open International Journal of Informatics (OIJI)}, 1(1):15--24,
  2012.

\bibitem{angeris2020improved}
G.~Angeris and T.~Chitra.
\newblock Improved price oracles: Constant function market makers.
\newblock {\em arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.10001}, 2020.

\bibitem{antonopoulos2018mastering}
A.~M. Antonopoulos and G.~Wood.
\newblock {\em Mastering ethereum: building smart contracts and dapps}.
\newblock O'reilly Media, 2018.

\bibitem{atzei2017survey}
N.~Atzei, M.~Bartoletti, and T.~Cimoli.
\newblock A survey of attacks on ethereum smart contracts (sok).
\newblock In {\em International conference on principles of security and
  trust}, pages 164--186. Springer, 2017.

\bibitem{balancer}
Balancer.
\newblock A protocol for programmable liquidity.
\newblock {\em URl: https://balancer.finance/}, 2020.

\bibitem{benligiraydecentralized}
B.~Benligiray, S.~Milic, and H.~V{\"a}nttinen.
\newblock Decentralized apis for web 3.0.

\bibitem{bernanioraclize}
T.~Bernani.
\newblock Oraclize.
\newblock {\em URl: https://www.oraclize.it/}, 2016.

\bibitem{biryukov2017findel}
A.~Biryukov, D.~Khovratovich, and S.~Tikhomirov.
\newblock Findel: Secure derivative contracts for ethereum.
\newblock In {\em International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data
  Security}, pages 453--467. Springer, 2017.

\bibitem{bissias2016analysis}
G.~Bissias, B.~N. Levine, A.~P. Ozisik, and G.~Andresen.
\newblock An analysis of attacks on blockchain consensus.
\newblock {\em arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.07985}, 2016.

\bibitem{BS73}
F.~Black and M.~Scholes.
\newblock The pricing of options and corporate liabilities.
\newblock {\em Journal of Political Economy}, 81(3), 1973.

\bibitem{chainlinknft}
C.~Blog.
\newblock 16 ways to create dynamic non-fungible tokens (nft) using chainlink
  oracles.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://blog.chain.link/create-dynamic-nfts-using-chainlink-oracles/}, 2021.

\bibitem{crypto-2018-28858}
D.~Boneh, J.~Bonneau, B.~B{\"u}nz, and B.~Fisch.
\newblock Verifiable delay functions.
\newblock In {\em Advances in Cryptology -- CRYPTO 2018}, volume 10991 of {\em
  Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, pages 757--788. Springer, 2018.

\bibitem{brassard1988minimum}
G.~Brassard, D.~Chaum, and C.~Cr{\'e}peau.
\newblock Minimum disclosure proofs of knowledge.
\newblock {\em Journal of computer and system sciences}, 37(2):156--189, 1988.

\bibitem{brasser2017software}
F.~Brasser, U.~M{\"u}ller, A.~Dmitrienko, K.~Kostiainen, S.~Capkun, and A.-R.
  Sadeghi.
\newblock Software grand exposure:$\{$SGX$\}$ cache attacks are practical.
\newblock In {\em 11th $\{$USENIX$\}$ Workshop on Offensive Technologies
  ($\{$WOOT$\}$ 17)}, 2017.

\bibitem{chainlinkocr}
L.~Breidenbach, C.~Cachin, A.~Coventry, A.~Juels, and A.~Miller.
\newblock Chainlink off-chain reporting protocol.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://blog.chain.link/off-chain-reporting-live-on-mainnet/}, 2021.

\bibitem{bunz2017proofs}
B.~B{\"u}nz, S.~Goldfeder, and J.~Bonneau.
\newblock Proofs-of-delay and randomness beacons in ethereum.
\newblock {\em IEEE Security and Privacy on the blockchain (IEEE S\&B)}, 2017.

\bibitem{delegatecallForwarders}
V.~Buterin.
\newblock Delegatecall forwarders: how to save ~50-98% on making many new
  contracts with the same code.

\bibitem{vitalikuni}
V.~Buterin.
\newblock Uni should become an oracle token.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://gov.uniswap.org/t/uni-should-become-an-oracle-token/11988}, 2021.

\bibitem{DUOnet}
Y.~Cao, M.~Dai, S.~Kou, L.~Li, and C.~Yang.
\newblock Designing stable coins.
\newblock Technical report, Duo Network Whitepaper, 2018.

\bibitem{castro2002practical}
M.~Castro and B.~Liskov.
\newblock Practical byzantine fault tolerance and proactive recovery.
\newblock {\em ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)}, 20(4):398--461,
  2002.

\bibitem{chainlinkvrf}
Chainlink.
\newblock Chainlink vrf: On-chain verifiable randomness.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://blog.chain.link/verifiable-random-functions-vrf-random-number-generation-rng-feature/},
  2020.

\bibitem{linkOracleProblem}
ChainLink.
\newblock What is the blockchain oracle problem.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://blog.chain.link/what-is-the-blockchain-oracle-problem/}, 2020.

\bibitem{chatterjee2019probabilistic}
K.~Chatterjee, A.~K. Goharshady, and A.~Pourdamghani.
\newblock Probabilistic smart contracts: Secure randomness on the blockchain.
\newblock In {\em 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and
  Cryptocurrency (ICBC)}, pages 403--412. IEEE, 2019.

\bibitem{chen2020survey}
H.~Chen, M.~Pendleton, L.~Njilla, and S.~Xu.
\newblock A survey on ethereum systems security: Vulnerabilities, attacks, and
  defenses.
\newblock {\em ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)}, 53(3):1--43, 2020.

\bibitem{chen2021smart}
J.~Chen, X.~Xia, D.~Lo, and J.~Grundy.
\newblock Why do smart contracts self-destruct? investigating the selfdestruct
  function on ethereum.
\newblock {\em ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology
  (TOSEM)}, 31(2):1--37, 2021.

\bibitem{chen2017adaptive}
T.~Chen, X.~Li, Y.~Wang, J.~Chen, Z.~Li, X.~Luo, M.~H. Au, and X.~Zhang.
\newblock An adaptive gas cost mechanism for ethereum to defend against
  under-priced dos attacks.
\newblock In {\em International {C}onference on {I}nformation {S}ecurity
  practice and experience}, pages 3--24. Springer, 2017.

\bibitem{clark2014decentralizing}
J.~Clark, J.~Bonneau, E.~W. Felten, J.~A. Kroll, A.~Miller, and A.~Narayanan.
\newblock On decentralizing prediction markets and order books.
\newblock In {\em Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, State
  College, Pennsylvania}, 2014.

\bibitem{CDM20}
J.~Clark, D.~Demirag, and S.~Moosavi.
\newblock Demystifying stablecoins.
\newblock In {\em Communications of the ACM}, volume~63, July 2020.

\bibitem{clark2019sok}
J.~Clark, D.~Demirag, and S.~Moosavi.
\newblock Sok: Demystifying stablecoins.
\newblock {\em CACM}, 2020.

\bibitem{clark2013sok}
J.~Clark and P.~C. Van~Oorschot.
\newblock Sok: Ssl and https: Revisiting past challenges and evaluating
  certificate trust model enhancements.
\newblock In {\em 2013 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy}, pages 511--525.
  IEEE, 2013.

\bibitem{coinmonkMKRgovernance}
Coinmonk.
\newblock Vulnerabilities in maker: Oracle-governance attacks, attack daos, and
  (de)centralization.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://medium.com/coinmonks/vulnerabilities-in-maker-oracle-governance-attacks-attack-daos-and-de-centralization-d943685adc2f},
  2019.

\bibitem{certikReport}
C.~Company.
\newblock The state of defi security 2021.

\bibitem{compoundPriceFeed}
Compound.
\newblock Open price feed.
\newblock {\em URl: https://compound.finance/docs/prices}, 2020.

\bibitem{attacksonethereum}
Consensys.
\newblock Ethereum smart contract best practices, 2020.

\bibitem{tellordispute}
T.~Core.
\newblock Staking, disputes, and voting.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://medium.com/tellor/staking-disputes-and-voting-ad09c66eb7bc/}, 2019.

\bibitem{costan2016intel}
V.~Costan and S.~Devadas.
\newblock Intel sgx explained.
\newblock {\em IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch.}, 2016(86):1--118, 2016.

\bibitem{chainlinkdosattack}
T.~B. Crypto.
\newblock Chainlink nodes were targeted in an attack last weekend that cost
  them at least 700 eth.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://www.theblockcrypto.com/post/76986/chainlink-nodes-attack-eth}, 2020.

\bibitem{defiattacksreport}
T.~B. Crypto.
\newblock Defi attacks: the general picture.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://www.theblockcrypto.com/research/105472/defi-attacks-the-general-picture},
  2021.

\bibitem{daian2020flash}
P.~Daian, S.~Goldfeder, T.~Kell, Y.~Li, X.~Zhao, I.~Bentov, L.~Breidenbach, and
  A.~Juels.
\newblock Flash boys 2.0: Frontrunning in decentralized exchanges, miner
  extractable value, and consensus instability.
\newblock In {\em 2020 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)}, pages
  910--927. IEEE, 2020.

\bibitem{darkdao}
P.~Daian, T.~Kell, I.~Miers, and A.~Juels.
\newblock On-chain vote buying and the rise of dark daos.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://hackingdistributed.com/2018/07/02/on-chain-vote-buying/}, 2018.

\bibitem{compoundcoinbasepro}
Decrypt.
\newblock Oracle exploit sees \$89 million liquidated on compound.
\newblock {\em URl:
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  2020.

\bibitem{dhillon2017dao}
V.~Dhillon, D.~Metcalf, and M.~Hooper.
\newblock The {DAO} hacked.
\newblock In {\em Blockchain Enabled Applications}, pages 67--78. Springer,
  2017.

\bibitem{DIAOracle}
DIA.
\newblock Dia --- transparent oracles for a decentralised financial ecosystem,
  2020.

\bibitem{dodopmm}
DODO.
\newblock The dodo advantage.
\newblock {\em URl: https://dodoex.github.io/docs/docs/advantages}, 2020.

\bibitem{douceur2002sybil}
J.~R. Douceur.
\newblock The sybil attack.
\newblock In {\em International workshop on peer-to-peer systems}, pages
  251--260. Springer, 2002.

\bibitem{ellis2017chainlink}
S.~Ellis, A.~Juels, and S.~Nazarov.
\newblock Chainlink: A decentralized oracle network.
\newblock {\em Retrieved March}, 11:2018, 2017.

\bibitem{etherollincident}
S.~Eskandari.
\newblock Etherroll bug thread.
\newblock {\em URl: https://twitter.com/sbetamc/status/1263220679937265671},
  2020.

\bibitem{EBSC15}
S.~Eskandari, D.~Barrera, E.~Stobert, and J.~Clark.
\newblock A first look at the usability of {B}itcoin key management.
\newblock In {\em USEC}, 2015.

\bibitem{eskandari2017feasibility}
S.~Eskandari, J.~Clark, V.~Sundaresan, and M.~Adham.
\newblock On the feasibility of decentralized derivatives markets.
\newblock In {\em International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data
  Security}, pages 553--567. Springer, 2017.

\bibitem{eskandari2019sok}
S.~Eskandari, S.~Moosavi, and J.~Clark.
\newblock Sok: Transparent dishonesty: front-running attacks on blockchain.
\newblock In {\em International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data
  Security}, pages 170--189. Springer, 2019.

\bibitem{eskandari2021sok}
S.~Eskandari, M.~Salehi, W.~C. Gu, and J.~Clark.
\newblock Sok: Oracles from the ground truth to market manipulation.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Advances in
  Financial Technologies}, pages 127--141, 2021.

\bibitem{geth}
Ethereum.
\newblock Official go implementation of the ethereum protocol, 2015.

\bibitem{etheroll}
Etheroll.
\newblock Ethereum casino.
\newblock {\em URl: https://etheroll.com/}, 2020.

\bibitem{bentFinanceHack}
B.~Finance.
\newblock Bent update.

\bibitem{firat2002knowledge}
A.~Firat, S.~Madnick, and B.~Grosof.
\newblock Knowledge integration to overcome ontological heterogeneity:
  Challenges from financial information systems.
\newblock 2002.

\bibitem{flashbots}
Flashbots.
\newblock Flashbots.
\newblock {\em URl: https://github.com/flashbots/pm}, 2021.

\bibitem{FoBo19}
B.~Ford and R.~B{\"o}hme.
\newblock Rationality is self-defeating in permissionless systems, 2019.

\bibitem{makerdaooutage}
M.~Forum.
\newblock Scientific governance and risk \#120.
\newblock {\em URl:
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  2020.

\bibitem{frowisnot}
M.~Fr{\"o}wis and R.~B{\"o}hme.
\newblock Not all code are {Create2} equal.

\bibitem{goldbe-vrf-01}
S.~Goldberg, D.~Papadopoulos, and J.~V{\v c}el{\'a}k.
\newblock {Verifiable Random Functions (VRFs)}.
\newblock Internet-Draft draft-goldbe-vrf-01, Internet Engineering Task Force,
  June 2017.
\newblock Work in Progress.

\bibitem{gramoli2020blockchain}
V.~Gramoli.
\newblock From blockchain consensus back to byzantine consensus.
\newblock {\em Future Generation Computer Systems}, 107:760--769, 2020.

\bibitem{GRB20}
W.~Gu, A.~Raghuvanshi, and D.~Boneh.
\newblock Empirical measurements on pricing oracles and decentralized
  governance for stablecoins.
\newblock In {\em Cryptoeconomic Systems}, 2020.

\bibitem{gu2020empirical}
W.~C. Gu, A.~Raghuvanshi, and D.~Boneh.
\newblock Empirical measurements on pricing oracles and decentralized
  governance for stablecoins.
\newblock {\em Available at SSRN 3611231}, 2020.

\bibitem{GPH+20}
L.~Gudgeon, D.~Perez, D.~Harz, B.~Livshits, and A.~Gervais.
\newblock The decentralized financial crisis.
\newblock In {\em CVCBT}, 2020.

\bibitem{hakimpour2001resolving}
F.~Hakimpour and A.~Geppert.
\newblock Resolving semantic heterogeneity in schema integration.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the international conference on Formal
  Ontology in Information Systems-Volume 2001}, pages 297--308, 2001.

\bibitem{hanson2003combinatorial}
R.~Hanson.
\newblock Combinatorial information market design.
\newblock {\em Information Systems Frontiers}, 5(1):107--119, 2003.

\bibitem{Har03}
L.~Harris.
\newblock {\em Trading and exchanges: market microstructure for practitioners}.
\newblock Oxford, 2003.

\bibitem{he2020characterizing}
N.~He, L.~Wu, H.~Wang, Y.~Guo, and X.~Jiang.
\newblock Characterizing code clones in the ethereum smart contract ecosystem.
\newblock In {\em International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data
  Security}, pages 654--675. Springer, 2020.

\bibitem{heilman2015eclipse}
E.~Heilman, A.~Kendler, A.~Zohar, and S.~Goldberg.
\newblock Eclipse attacks on bitcoin's peer-to-peer network.
\newblock In {\em 24th $\{$USENIX$\}$ Security Symposium ($\{$USENIX$\}$
  Security 15)}, pages 129--144, 2015.

\bibitem{henningsen2019eclipsing}
S.~Henningsen, D.~Teunis, M.~Florian, and B.~Scheuermann.
\newblock Eclipsing ethereum peers with false friends.
\newblock In {\em 2019 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy
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\bibitem{HvO17}
C.~{Herley} and P.~C. {Van Oorschot}.
\newblock Sok: Science, security and the elusive goal of security as a
  scientific pursuit.
\newblock In {\em 2017 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)}, pages
  99--120, 2017.

\bibitem{hertzog2017bancor}
E.~Hertzog, G.~Benartzi, and G.~Benartzi.
\newblock Bancor protocol: continuous liquidity for cryptographic tokens
  through their smart contracts.
\newblock {\em White paper}, 2017.

\bibitem{huobiDeFiLabs}
H.~D. Insight.
\newblock Price oracle - a must have infrastructure.
\newblock {\em URl:
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\bibitem{KGCWF18}
H.~Kalodner, S.~Goldfeder, X.~Chen, S.~M. Weinberg, and E.~W. Felten.
\newblock Arbitrum: Scalable, private smart contracts.
\newblock In {\em USENIX Security}, 2018.

\bibitem{KL17}
D.~Khovratovich and J.~Law.
\newblock Sovrin: digital identities in the blockchain era.
\newblock Technical report, Sovrin, 2017.

\bibitem{klages2020stablecoins}
A.~Klages-Mundt, D.~Harz, L.~Gudgeon, J.-Y. Liu, and A.~Minca.
\newblock Stablecoins 2.0: Economic foundations and risk-based models.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Conference on Advances in
  Financial Technologies}, pages 59--79, 2020.

\bibitem{klages2019stability}
A.~Klages-Mundt and A.~Minca.
\newblock ({I}n) stability for the blockchain: Deleveraging spirals and
  stablecoin attacks.
\newblock {\em arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.02152}, 2019.

\bibitem{KMM20}
A.~Klages-Mundt and A.~Minca.
\newblock While stability lasts: A stochastic model of stablecoins.
\newblock Technical report, arXiv, 2020.

\bibitem{kroll2013economics}
J.~A. Kroll, I.~C. Davey, and E.~W. Felten.
\newblock The economics of bitcoin mining, or bitcoin in the presence of
  adversaries.
\newblock In {\em Proceedings of WEIS}, volume 2013, page~11, 2013.

\bibitem{lambur2019data}
H.~Lambur, A.~Lu, and R.~Cai.
\newblock Uma data verification mechanism: Adding economic guarantees to
  blockchain oracles.
\newblock {\em Risk Labs, Inc., Tech. Rep., Jul}, 2019.

\bibitem{stuxnetattack}
Langner.
\newblock The stuxnet story.
\newblock {\em URl: https://www.langner.com/2020/07/the-stuxnet-story/}, 2020.

\bibitem{langner2011stuxnet}
R.~Langner.
\newblock Stuxnet: Dissecting a cyberwarfare weapon.
\newblock {\em IEEE Security \& Privacy}, 9(3):49--51, 2011.

\bibitem{kleros}
C.~Lesaege, F.~Ast, and W.~George.
\newblock Kleros the justice protocol.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://kleros.io/static/whitepaper\_en-8bd3a0480b45c39899787e17049ded26.pdf},
  2019.

\bibitem{lin2017survey}
I.-C. Lin and T.-C. Liao.
\newblock A survey of blockchain security issues and challenges.
\newblock {\em IJ Network Security}, 19(5):653--659, 2017.

\bibitem{liu2020first}
B.~Liu and P.~Szalachowski.
\newblock A first look into defi oracles.
\newblock {\em arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.04377}, 2020.

\bibitem{lo2020reliability}
S.~K. Lo, X.~Xu, M.~Staples, and L.~Yao.
\newblock Reliability analysis for blockchain oracles.
\newblock {\em Computers \& Electrical Engineering}, 83:106582, 2020.

\bibitem{makerdaoflashloanattack}
LongForWisdom.
\newblock Flash loans and securing the maker protocol.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://forum.makerdao.com/t/urgent-flash-loans-and-securing-the-maker-protocol/4901},
  2020.

\bibitem{madnick2006improving}
S.~Madnick and H.~Zhu.
\newblock Improving data quality through effective use of data semantics.
\newblock {\em Data \& Knowledge Engineering}, 59(2):460--475, 2006.

\bibitem{MAKERDAOOracle}
MakerDAO.
\newblock Introducing oracles v2 and defi feeds, 2019.

\bibitem{maram2021candid}
D.~Maram, H.~Malvai, F.~Zhang, N.~Jean-Louis, A.~Frolov, T.~Kell, T.~Lobban,
  C.~Moy, A.~Juels, and A.~Miller.
\newblock Candid: can-do decentralized identity with legacy compatibility,
  sybil-resistance, and accountability.
\newblock In {\em 2021 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)}, pages
  1348--1366. IEEE, 2021.

\bibitem{mccorry2021sok}
P.~McCorry, C.~Buckland, B.~Yee, and D.~Song.
\newblock Sok: Validating bridges as a scaling solution for blockchains.
\newblock {\em Cryptology ePrint Archive}, 2021.

\bibitem{micali1999verifiable}
S.~Micali, M.~Rabin, and S.~Vadhan.
\newblock Verifiable random functions.
\newblock In {\em 40th annual symposium on foundations of computer science
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\bibitem{MSS20}
A.~Moin, K.~Sekniqi, and E.~G. Sirer.
\newblock So{K}: A classification framework for stablecoin designs.
\newblock In {\em Financial Cryptography}, 2020.

\bibitem{mondal2019blockchain}
S.~Mondal, K.~P. Wijewardena, S.~Karuppuswami, N.~Kriti, D.~Kumar, and
  P.~Chahal.
\newblock Blockchain inspired rfid-based information architecture for food
  supply chain.
\newblock {\em IEEE Internet of Things Journal}, 6(3):5803--5813, 2019.

\bibitem{muller2000weather}
A.~M{\"u}ller and M.~Grandi.
\newblock Weather derivatives: a risk management tool for weather-sensitive
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\newblock {\em The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance. Issues and Practice},
  25(2):273--287, 2000.

\bibitem{minimalProxy}
P.~Murray, N.~Welch, and J.~Messerman.
\newblock Minimal proxy contract.
\newblock EIP-1167, 2018.

\bibitem{nexusmutualbug}
N.~Mutual.
\newblock Responsible vulnerability disclosure.
\newblock {\em URl:
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  2020.

\bibitem{nestwhitepaper}
NEST.
\newblock Nest protocol: A distributed price oracle network.
\newblock {\em URl: https://nestprotocol.org/doc/ennestwhitepaper.pdf}, 2020.

\bibitem{neudecker2015simulation}
T.~Neudecker, P.~Andelfinger, and H.~Hartenstein.
\newblock A simulation model for analysis of attacks on the bitcoin
  peer-to-peer network.
\newblock In {\em 2015 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network
  Management (IM)}, pages 1327--1332. IEEE, 2015.

\bibitem{neudecker2019short}
T.~Neudecker and H.~Hartenstein.
\newblock Short paper: An empirical analysis of blockchain forks in bitcoin.
\newblock In {\em International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data
  Security}, pages 84--92. Springer, 2019.

\bibitem{tobBlogPost}
T.~of~Bits.
\newblock Contract upgrade anti-patterns.

\bibitem{aaveBreak}
T.~of~Bits~Blog.
\newblock Breaking aave upgradeability.

\bibitem{chainlinkExplicitStaking}
C.~Oracle.
\newblock Explicit staking in chainlink 2.0: An overview.
\newblock {\em URl:
  https://blog.chain.link/explicit-staking-in-chainlink-2-0/}, 2021.

\bibitem{smart_contract_sanctuary}
M.~Ortner and S.~Eskandari.
\newblock Smart contract sanctuary.

\bibitem{securityAdvise}
S.~Palladino.
\newblock Security advisory: Initialize {UUPS} implementation contracts.

\bibitem{openzeppelinPost}
S.~PALLADINO.
\newblock The state of smart contract upgrades.

\bibitem{uupsAttacks}
S.~Palladino.
\newblock Uupsupgradeable vulnerability post-mortem.

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