store.js

import applyMixin from './mixin'
import devtoolPlugin from './plugins/devtool'
import ModuleCollection from './module/module-collection'
import { forEachValue, isObject, isPromise, assert } from './util'

let Vue // bind on install

/*Store构造类*/
export class Store {
  constructor (options = {}) {
    // Auto install if it is not done yet and `window` has `Vue`.
    // To allow users to avoid auto-installation in some cases,
    // this code should be placed here. See #731
    /*
      在浏览器环境下，如果插件还未安装（!Vue即判断是否未安装），则它会自动安装。
      它允许用户在某些情况下避免自动安装。
    */
    if (!Vue && typeof window !== 'undefined' && window.Vue) {
      install(window.Vue)
    }

    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      assert(Vue, `must call Vue.use(Vuex) before creating a store instance.`)
      assert(typeof Promise !== 'undefined', `vuex requires a Promise polyfill in this browser.`)
      assert(this instanceof Store, `Store must be called with the new operator.`)
    }

    const {
      /*一个数组，包含应用在 store 上的插件方法。这些插件直接接收 store 作为唯一参数，可以监听 mutation（用于外部地数据持久化、记录或调试）或者提交 mutation （用于内部数据，例如 websocket 或 某些观察者）*/
      plugins = [],
      /*使 Vuex store 进入严格模式，在严格模式下，任何 mutation 处理函数以外修改 Vuex state 都会抛出错误。*/
      strict = false
    } = options

    /*从option中取出state，如果state是function则执行，最终得到一个对象*/
    let {
      state = {}
    } = options
    if (typeof state === 'function') {
      state = state()
    }

    // store internal state
    /* 用来判断严格模式下是否是用mutation修改state的 */
    this._committing = false
    /* 存放action */
    this._actions = Object.create(null)
    /* 存放mutation */
    this._mutations = Object.create(null)
    /* 存放getter */
    this._wrappedGetters = Object.create(null)
    /* module收集器 */
    this._modules = new ModuleCollection(options)
    /* 根据namespace存放module */
    this._modulesNamespaceMap = Object.create(null)
    /* 存放订阅者 */
    this._subscribers = []
    /* 用以实现Watch的Vue实例 */
    this._watcherVM = new Vue()

    // bind commit and dispatch to self
    /*将dispatch与commit调用的this绑定为store对象本身，否则在组件内部this.dispatch时的this会指向组件的vm*/
    const store = this
    const { dispatch, commit } = this
    /* 为dispatch与commit绑定this（Store实例本身） */
    this.dispatch = function boundDispatch (type, payload) {
      return dispatch.call(store, type, payload)
    }
    this.commit = function boundCommit (type, payload, options) {
      return commit.call(store, type, payload, options)
    }

    // strict mode
    /*严格模式(使 Vuex store 进入严格模式，在严格模式下，任何 mutation 处理函数以外修改 Vuex state 都会抛出错误)*/
    this.strict = strict

    // init root module.
    // this also recursively registers all sub-modules
    // and collects all module getters inside this._wrappedGetters
    /*初始化根module，这也同时递归注册了所有子modle，收集所有module的getter到_wrappedGetters中去，this._modules.root代表根module才独有保存的Module对象*/
    installModule(this, state, [], this._modules.root)

    // initialize the store vm, which is responsible for the reactivity
    // (also registers _wrappedGetters as computed properties)
    /* 通过vm重设store，新建Vue对象使用Vue内部的响应式实现注册state以及computed */
    resetStoreVM(this, state)

    // apply plugins
    /* 调用插件 */
    plugins.forEach(plugin => plugin(this))

    /* devtool插件 */
    if (Vue.config.devtools) {
      devtoolPlugin(this)
    }
  }

  get state () {
    return this._vm._data.$$state
  }

  set state (v) {
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      assert(false, `Use store.replaceState() to explicit replace store state.`)
    }
  }

  /* 调用mutation的commit方法 */
  commit (_type, _payload, _options) {
    // check object-style commit
    /* 校验参数 */
    const {
      type,
      payload,
      options
    } = unifyObjectStyle(_type, _payload, _options)

    const mutation = { type, payload }
    /* 取出type对应的mutation的方法 */
    const entry = this._mutations[type]
    if (!entry) {
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
        console.error(`[vuex] unknown mutation type: ${type}`)
      }
      return
    }
    /* 执行mutation中的所有方法 */
    this._withCommit(() => {
      entry.forEach(function commitIterator (handler) {
        handler(payload)
      })
    })
    /* 通知所有订阅者 */
    this._subscribers.forEach(sub => sub(mutation, this.state))

    if (
      process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
      options && options.silent
    ) {
      console.warn(
        `[vuex] mutation type: ${type}. Silent option has been removed. ` +
        'Use the filter functionality in the vue-devtools'
      )
    }
  }

  /* 调用action的dispatch方法 */
  dispatch (_type, _payload) {
    // check object-style dispatch
    const {
      type,
      payload
    } = unifyObjectStyle(_type, _payload)

    /* actions中取出type对应的ation */
    const entry = this._actions[type]
    if (!entry) {
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
        console.error(`[vuex] unknown action type: ${type}`)
      }
      return
    }

    /* 是数组则包装Promise形成一个新的Promise，只有一个则直接返回第0个 */
    return entry.length > 1
      ? Promise.all(entry.map(handler => handler(payload)))
      : entry[0](payload)
  }

  /* 注册一个订阅函数，返回取消订阅的函数 */
  subscribe (fn) {
    const subs = this._subscribers
    if (subs.indexOf(fn) < 0) {
      subs.push(fn)
    }
    return () => {
      const i = subs.indexOf(fn)
      if (i > -1) {
        subs.splice(i, 1)
      }
    }
  }

  /* 观察一个getter方法 */
  watch (getter, cb, options) {
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      assert(typeof getter === 'function', `store.watch only accepts a function.`)
    }
    return this._watcherVM.$watch(() => getter(this.state, this.getters), cb, options)
  }

  /* 重置state */
  replaceState (state) {
    this._withCommit(() => {
      this._vm._data.$$state = state
    })
  }

  /* 注册一个动态module，当业务进行异步加载的时候，可以通过该接口进行注册动态module */
  registerModule (path, rawModule) {
    /* 转化称Array */
    if (typeof path === 'string') path = [path]

    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      assert(Array.isArray(path), `module path must be a string or an Array.`)
      assert(path.length > 0, 'cannot register the root module by using registerModule.')
    }

    /*注册*/
    this._modules.register(path, rawModule)
    /*初始化module*/
    installModule(this, this.state, path, this._modules.get(path))
    // reset store to update getters...
    /* 通过vm重设store，新建Vue对象使用Vue内部的响应式实现注册state以及computed */
    resetStoreVM(this, this.state)
  }

  /* 注销一个动态module */
  unregisterModule (path) {
    /* 转化称Array */
    if (typeof path === 'string') path = [path]

    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      assert(Array.isArray(path), `module path must be a string or an Array.`)
    }

    /*注销*/
    this._modules.unregister(path)
    this._withCommit(() => {
      /* 获取父级的state */
      const parentState = getNestedState(this.state, path.slice(0, -1))
      /* 从父级中删除 */
      Vue.delete(parentState, path[path.length - 1])
    })
    /* 重制store */
    resetStore(this)
  }

  /* 热更新 */
  hotUpdate (newOptions) {
    /* 更新module */
    this._modules.update(newOptions)
    /* 重制store */
    resetStore(this, true)
  }

  /* 保证通过mutation修改store的数据 */
  _withCommit (fn) {
    /* 调用withCommit修改state的值时会将store的committing值置为true，内部会有断言检查该值，在严格模式下只允许使用mutation来修改store中的值，而不允许直接修改store的数值 */
    const committing = this._committing
    this._committing = true
    fn()
    this._committing = committing
  }
}

/* 重制store */
function resetStore (store, hot) {
  store._actions = Object.create(null)
  store._mutations = Object.create(null)
  store._wrappedGetters = Object.create(null)
  store._modulesNamespaceMap = Object.create(null)
  const state = store.state
  // init all modules
  installModule(store, state, [], store._modules.root, true)
  // reset vm
  resetStoreVM(store, state, hot)
}

/* 通过vm重设store，新建Vue对象使用Vue内部的响应式实现注册state以及computed */
function resetStoreVM (store, state, hot) {
  /* 存放之前的vm对象 */
  const oldVm = store._vm 

  // bind store public getters
  store.getters = {}
  const wrappedGetters = store._wrappedGetters
  const computed = {}

  /* 通过Object.defineProperty为每一个getter方法设置get方法，比如获取this.$store.getters.test的时候获取的是store._vm.test，也就是Vue对象的computed属性 */
  forEachValue(wrappedGetters, (fn, key) => {
    // use computed to leverage its lazy-caching mechanism
    computed[key] = () => fn(store)
    Object.defineProperty(store.getters, key, {
      get: () => store._vm[key],
      enumerable: true // for local getters
    })
  })

  // use a Vue instance to store the state tree
  // suppress warnings just in case the user has added
  // some funky global mixins
  const silent = Vue.config.silent
  /* Vue.config.silent暂时设置为true的目的是在new一个Vue实例的过程中不会报出一切警告 */
  Vue.config.silent = true
  /*  这里new了一个Vue对象，运用Vue内部的响应式实现注册state以及computed*/
  store._vm = new Vue({
    data: {
      $$state: state
    },
    computed
  })
  Vue.config.silent = silent

  // enable strict mode for new vm
  /* 使能严格模式，保证修改store只能通过mutation */
  if (store.strict) {
    enableStrictMode(store)
  }

  if (oldVm) {
    /* 解除旧vm的state的引用，以及销毁旧的Vue对象 */
    if (hot) {
      // dispatch changes in all subscribed watchers
      // to force getter re-evaluation for hot reloading.
      store._withCommit(() => {
        oldVm._data.$$state = null
      })
    }
    Vue.nextTick(() => oldVm.$destroy())
  }
}

/*初始化module*/
function installModule (store, rootState, path, module, hot) {
  /* 是否是根module */
  const isRoot = !path.length
  /* 获取module的namespace */
  const namespace = store._modules.getNamespace(path)

  // register in namespace map
  /* 如果有namespace则在_modulesNamespaceMap中注册 */
  if (module.namespaced) {
    store._modulesNamespaceMap[namespace] = module
  }

  // set state
  if (!isRoot && !hot) {
    /* 获取父级的state */
    const parentState = getNestedState(rootState, path.slice(0, -1))
    /* module的name */
    const moduleName = path[path.length - 1]
    store._withCommit(() => {
      /* 将子module设置称响应式的 */
      Vue.set(parentState, moduleName, module.state)
    })
  }

  const local = module.context = makeLocalContext(store, namespace, path)

  /* 遍历注册mutation */
  module.forEachMutation((mutation, key) => {
    const namespacedType = namespace + key
    registerMutation(store, namespacedType, mutation, local)
  })

  /* 遍历注册action */
  module.forEachAction((action, key) => {
    const namespacedType = namespace + key
    registerAction(store, namespacedType, action, local)
  })

  /* 遍历注册getter */
  module.forEachGetter((getter, key) => {
    const namespacedType = namespace + key
    registerGetter(store, namespacedType, getter, local)
  })

  /* 递归安装mudule */
  module.forEachChild((child, key) => {
    installModule(store, rootState, path.concat(key), child, hot)
  })
}

/**
 * make localized dispatch, commit, getters and state
 * if there is no namespace, just use root ones
 */
function makeLocalContext (store, namespace, path) {
  /* 判断是否有名字空间 */
  const noNamespace = namespace === ''

  const local = {
    dispatch: noNamespace ? store.dispatch : (_type, _payload, _options) => {
      const args = unifyObjectStyle(_type, _payload, _options)
      const { payload, options } = args
      let { type } = args

      if (!options || !options.root) {
        type = namespace + type
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !store._actions[type]) {
          console.error(`[vuex] unknown local action type: ${args.type}, global type: ${type}`)
          return
        }
      }

      return store.dispatch(type, payload)
    },

    commit: noNamespace ? store.commit : (_type, _payload, _options) => {
      const args = unifyObjectStyle(_type, _payload, _options)
      const { payload, options } = args
      let { type } = args

      if (!options || !options.root) {
        type = namespace + type
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !store._mutations[type]) {
          console.error(`[vuex] unknown local mutation type: ${args.type}, global type: ${type}`)
          return
        }
      }

      store.commit(type, payload, options)
    }
  }

  // getters and state object must be gotten lazily
  // because they will be changed by vm update
  Object.defineProperties(local, {
    getters: {
      get: noNamespace
        ? () => store.getters
        : () => makeLocalGetters(store, namespace)
    },
    state: {
      get: () => getNestedState(store.state, path)
    }
  })

  return local
}

function makeLocalGetters (store, namespace) {
  const gettersProxy = {}

  const splitPos = namespace.length
  Object.keys(store.getters).forEach(type => {
    // skip if the target getter is not match this namespace
    if (type.slice(0, splitPos) !== namespace) return

    // extract local getter type
    const localType = type.slice(splitPos)

    // Add a port to the getters proxy.
    // Define as getter property because
    // we do not want to evaluate the getters in this time.
    Object.defineProperty(gettersProxy, localType, {
      get: () => store.getters[type],
      enumerable: true
    })
  })

  return gettersProxy
}

/* 遍历注册mutation */
function registerMutation (store, type, handler, local) {
  /* 所有的mutation会被push进一个数组中，这样相同的mutation就可以调用不同module中的同名的mutation了 */
  const entry = store._mutations[type] || (store._mutations[type] = [])
  entry.push(function wrappedMutationHandler (payload) {
    handler.call(store, local.state, payload)
  })
}

/* 遍历注册action */
function registerAction (store, type, handler, local) {
  /* 取出type对应的action */
  const entry = store._actions[type] || (store._actions[type] = [])
  entry.push(function wrappedActionHandler (payload, cb) {
    let res = handler.call(store, {
      dispatch: local.dispatch,
      commit: local.commit,
      getters: local.getters,
      state: local.state,
      rootGetters: store.getters,
      rootState: store.state
    }, payload, cb)
    /* 判断是否是Promise */
    if (!isPromise(res)) {
      /* 不是Promise对象的时候转化称Promise对象 */
      res = Promise.resolve(res)
    }
    if (store._devtoolHook) {
      /* 存在devtool捕获的时候触发vuex的error给devtool */
      return res.catch(err => {
        store._devtoolHook.emit('vuex:error', err)
        throw err
      })
    } else {
      return res
    }
  })
}

/* 遍历注册getter */
function registerGetter (store, type, rawGetter, local) {
  /* 不存在直接返回 */
  if (store._wrappedGetters[type]) {
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      console.error(`[vuex] duplicate getter key: ${type}`)
    }
    return
  }

  /* 包装getter */
  store._wrappedGetters[type] = function wrappedGetter (store) {
    return rawGetter(
      local.state, // local state
      local.getters, // local getters
      store.state, // root state
      store.getters // root getters
    )
  }
}

/* 使能严格模式 */
function enableStrictMode (store) {
  store._vm.$watch(function () { return this._data.$$state }, () => {
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      /* 检测store中的_committing的值，如果是true代表不是通过mutation的方法修改的 */
      assert(store._committing, `Do not mutate vuex store state outside mutation handlers.`)
    }
  }, { deep: true, sync: true })
}

function getNestedState (state, path) {
  return path.length
    ? path.reduce((state, key) => state[key], state)
    : state
}

function unifyObjectStyle (type, payload, options) {
  if (isObject(type) && type.type) {
    options = payload
    payload = type
    type = type.type
  }

  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
    assert(typeof type === 'string', `Expects string as the type, but found ${typeof type}.`)
  }

  return { type, payload, options }
}

/*暴露给外部的插件install方法，供Vue.use调用安装插件*/
export function install (_Vue) {
  if (Vue) {
    /*避免重复安装（Vue.use内部也会检测一次是否重复安装同一个插件）*/
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      console.error(
        '[vuex] already installed. Vue.use(Vuex) should be called only once.'
      )
    }
    return
  }
  /*保存Vue，同时用于检测是否重复安装*/
  Vue = _Vue
  /*将vuexInit混淆进Vue的beforeCreate(Vue2.0)或_init方法(Vue1.0)*/
  applyMixin(Vue)
}