本系列《leveldb源码分析》共有22篇文章,这是第二篇。
轻松一刻,前面约定中讲过Leveldb使用了很多VarInt型编码,典型的如后面将涉及到的各种key。其中的编码、解码函数分为VarInt和FixedInt两种。int32和int64操作都是类似的。
首先是FixedInt编码,直接上代码,很简单明了。
void EncodeFixed32(char* buf, uint32_t value)
{
if (port::kLittleEndian) {
memcpy(buf, &value,sizeof(value));
} else {
buf[0] = value & 0xff;
buf[1] = (value >> 8)& 0xff;
buf[2] = (value >> 16)& 0xff;
buf[3] = (value >> 24)& 0xff;
}
}
下面是VarInt编码,int32和int64格式,代码如下,有效位是7bit的,因此把uint32按7bit分割,对unsigned char赋值时,超出0xFF会自动截断,因此直接*(ptr++) = v|B即可,不需要再把(v|B)与0xFF作&操作。
char* EncodeVarint32(char* dst, uint32_t v)
{
unsigned char* ptr =reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(dst);
static const int B = 128;
if (v < (1<<7)) {
*(ptr++) = v;
} else if (v < (1<<14)){
*(ptr++) = v | B;
*(ptr++) = v>>7;
} else if (v < (1<<21)){
*(ptr++) = v | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>7) | B;
*(ptr++) = v>>14;
} else if (v < (1<<28)){
*(ptr++) = v | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>7) | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>14) | B;
*(ptr++) = v>>21;
} else {
*(ptr++) = v | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>7) | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>14) | B;
*(ptr++) = (v>>21) | B;
*(ptr++) = v>>28;
}
return reinterpret_cast<char*>(ptr);
}
// 对于uint64,直接循环
char* EncodeVarint64(char* dst, uint64_t v) {
static const int B = 128;
unsigned char* ptr =reinterpret_cast<unsigned char*>(dst);
while (v >= B) {
*(ptr++) = (v & (B-1)) |B;
v >>= 7;
}
*(ptr++) =static_cast<unsigned char>(v);
returnreinterpret_cast<char*>(ptr);
}
Fixed Int的Decode,操作,代码:
inline uint32_t DecodeFixed32(const char* ptr)
{
if (port::kLittleEndian) {
uint32_t result;
// gcc optimizes this to a plain load
memcpy(&result, ptr,sizeof(result));
return result;
} else {
return((static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<unsigned char>(ptr[0])))
|(static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<unsigned char>(ptr[1])) <<8)
| (static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<unsignedchar>(ptr[2])) << 16)
|(static_cast<uint32_t>(static_cast<unsigned char>(ptr[3])) <<24));
}
}
再来看看VarInt的解码,很简单,依次读取1byte,直到最高位为0的byte结束,取低7bit,作(<<7)移位操作组合成Int。看代码:
const char* GetVarint32Ptr(const char* p,
const char* limit,
uint32_t* value)
{
if (p < limit) {
uint32_t result =*(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(p));
if ((result & 128) == 0) {
*value = result;
return p + 1;
}
}
return GetVarint32PtrFallback(p,limit, value);
}
const char* GetVarint32PtrFallback(const char* p,
const char* limit,
uint32_t* value)
{
uint32_t result = 0;
for (uint32_t shift = 0; shift<= 28 && p < limit; shift += 7) {
uint32_t byte =*(reinterpret_cast<const unsigned char*>(p));
p++;
if (byte & 128) { // More bytes are present
result |= ((byte & 127)<< shift);
} else {
result |= (byte <<shift);
*value = result;
returnreinterpret_cast<const char*>(p);
}
}
return NULL;
}