Distillation and quantization are both promising methods to reduce the computational and memory footprint that huge transformer-based networks require. Quantization refers to a process of reducing the bit precision for both activations and weights. Distillation method transfers knowledge from a heavy teacher model to a light one (student) and it could be used as a performance-booster in lower-bits quantizations. Quantization-aware training recovers accuracy degradation from representation loss in the retraining process and typically provides better performance compared to post-training quantization.
Intel provides a quantization-aware training (QAT) method that incorporates a novel layer-by-layer knowledge distillation step for INT8 quantization pipelines.
| Algorithm | PyTorch | TensorFlow |
|---|---|---|
| Distillation for Quantization | ✔ | ✖ |
User can pass the customized training/evaluation functions to Distillation for quantization tasks. In this case, distillation process can be done by pre-defined hooks in Neural Compressor. Users could place those hooks inside the quantization training function.
Neural Compressor defines several hooks for user pass
on_train_begin() : Hook executed before training begins
on_after_compute_loss(input, student_output, student_loss) : Hook executed after each batch inference of student model
on_epoch_end() : Hook executed at each epoch end
Following section illustrates how to use hooks in user pass-in training function:
def training_func_for_nc(model):
compression_manager.on_train_begin()
for epoch in range(epochs):
compression_manager.on_epoch_begin(epoch)
for i, batch in enumerate(dataloader):
compression_manager.on_step_begin(i)
......
output = model(batch)
loss = output.loss
loss = compression_manager.on_after_compute_loss(batch, output, loss)
loss.backward()
compression_manager.on_before_optimizer_step()
optimizer.step()
compression_manager.on_step_end()
compression_manager.on_epoch_end()
compression_manager.on_train_end()
...In this case, the launcher code is like the following:
from neural_compressor.experimental import common, Distillation, Quantization
from neural_compressor.config import DistillationConfig, KnowledgeDistillationLossConfig
from neural_compressor import QuantizationAwareTrainingConfig
from neural_compressor.training import prepare_compression
combs = []
distillation_criterion = KnowledgeDistillationLossConfig()
d_conf = DistillationConfig(teacher_model=teacher_model, criterion=distillation_criterion)
combs.append(d_conf)
q_conf = QuantizationAwareTrainingConfig()
combs.append(q_conf)
compression_manager = prepare_compression(model, combs)
model = compression_manager.model
model = training_func_for_nc(model)
eval_func(model)For examples of distillation for quantization, please refer to distillation-for-quantization examples