references.bib

@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-1904-00905,
    author    = {Antoine Rondelet and
        Michal Zajac},
    title     = {{ZETH:} On Integrating Zerocash on Ethereum},
    journal   = {CoRR},
    volume    = {abs/1904.00905},
    year      = {2019},
    url       = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.00905},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
    eprint    = {1904.00905},
    timestamp = {Mon, 13 May 2019 12:19:34 +0200},
    biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-1904-00905.bib},
    bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2008-05958,
    author    = {Antoine Rondelet},
    title     = {Zecale: Reconciling Privacy and Scalability on Ethereum},
    journal   = {CoRR},
    volume    = {abs/2008.05958},
    year      = {2020},
    url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.05958},
    archivePrefix = {arXiv},
    eprint    = {2008.05958},
    timestamp = {Mon, 17 Aug 2020 15:17:00 +0200},
    biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2008-05958.bib},
    bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@article{decentralized-mining-centralized,
    author = {Cong, Lin and He, Zhiguo and Li, Jiasun},
    year = {2018},
    month = {01},
    pages = {},
    title = {Decentralized Mining in Centralized Pools},
    journal = {SSRN Electronic Journal},
    doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3143724}
}

@techreport{NBERw24242,
    title = "Market Structure in Bitcoin Mining",
    author = "Ma, June and Gans, Joshua S and Tourky, Rabee",
    institution = "National Bureau of Economic Research",
    type = "Working Paper",
    series = "Working Paper Series",
    number = "24242",
    year = "2018",
    month = "January",
    doi = {10.3386/w24242},
    URL = "http://www.nber.org/papers/w24242"
}

@misc{taurus-custody,
    author    = "Taurus Group SA",
    title     = "Views on banking-grade digital assetcustody solutions",
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.taurusgroup.ch/articles/20201027_Banking_Grade_Custodian/20201027\%20Taurus_Banking_Grade_Custody_final.pdf}},
    year     = "2020",
    month    = "October"
}

@misc{perkinscoie_report,
    author = "Dana V. Syracuse and Joshua L. Boehm and Nick Lundgren",
    institution = {Perkins Coie},
    title = {{A}nti-{M}oney {L}aundering {R}egulation of {P}rivacy-{E}nabling
        {C}ryptocurrencies},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.perkinscoie.com/images/content/2/3/v7/237411/Perkins-Coie-LLP-White-Paper-AML-Regulation-of-Privacy-enablin.pdf}},
    year = "2020"
}

@inproceedings{STOC:Valiant76,
    author    = {Leslie G. Valiant},
    editor    = {Ashok K. Chandra and
               Detlef Wotschke and
               Emily P. Friedman and
               Michael A. Harrison},
    title     = {Universal Circuits (Preliminary Report)},
    booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th Annual {ACM} Symposium on Theory of Computing,
               May 3-5, 1976, Hershey, Pennsylvania, {USA}},
    pages     = {196--203},
    publisher = {{ACM}},
    year      = {1976},
    url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/800113.803649},
    doi       = {10.1145/800113.803649},
    timestamp = {Tue, 06 Nov 2018 11:07:05 +0100},
    biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/conf/stoc/Valiant76.bib},
    bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@misc{NSA98,
    author = {National Security Agency},
    title = {{NSA} -- {H}istory of {C}omputer {S}ecurity},
	url = {\url{https://cryptome.org/2020/10/nsa-history-computer-security-1998.pdf}},
    year = {1998}
}

@article{1979-uk-dev,
    author = {T. Peter Lee},
    title = {{S}ignificant {D}evelopments in the {U}nited {K}ingdom in 1979},
    journal = {Journal of Comparative Corporate Law and Securities Regulation 2},
    pages = {335--337},
    year = {1979},
    url = {\url{https://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/jil/articles/volume2/issue4/Lee2J.Comp.Corp.L.&Sec.Reg.335(1979).pdf}}
}

@inbook{Chapter10RegulatoryandOtherChangesintheUKBankingMarket,
      author = "Robert Effros",
      title = "Chapter 10 Regulatory and Other Changes in the U.K. Banking Market",
      booktitle = "Current Legal Issues Affecting Central Banks, Volume II. : Volume II.",
      year = "1994",
      publisher = "INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND",
      address = "USA",
      isbn = "9781557753069",
      pages = "",
      url = "https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF071/01505-9781557753069/01505-9781557753069/ch010.xml"
}

@misc{si-1993-1933,
    title = {The Money Laundering Regulations 1993, SI 1993/1933},
	author = {UK Parliament},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1933/made}}
}

@misc{2001-c-24,
    title={{A}nti-terrorism, {C}rime and {S}ecurity {A}ct 2001, 2001 c. 24},
    year={2001}
}

@misc{si-2003-3075,
    title = {The Money Laundering Regulations 2003, SI 2003/3075},
	author = {UK Parliament},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/3075/introduction/made}}
}

@misc{ML-law,
    author = {Tim Edmonds},
    title = {BRIEFING PAPER Number 2592, Money Laundering Law},
    date = {2018-02-14},
    year = {2018},
    month={2},
    day={14},
    howpublished = {\url{https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN02592/SN02592.pdf}}
}

@misc{journey-to-fca,
    title = {Journey to the FCA},
    year = {2012},
    author = {Financial Services Authority},
    howpublished={\url{https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/corporate/fsa-journey-to-the-fca.pdf}}
}

@misc{nca-sars,
    title = {Suspicious Activity Reports},
    howpublished={\url{https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/what-we-do/crime-threats/money-laundering-and-illicit-finance/suspicious-activity-reports}},
    author={National Crime Agency},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-03-08}
}

@misc{intro-to-sars,
    title = {Introduction to Suspicious Activity Reports},
    howpublished={\url{https://www.nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk/who-we-are/publications/158-introduction-to-suspicious-activity-reports-sars/file}},
    author={National Crime Agency},
    year={2019}
}

@misc{fatf-about,
    howpublished={\url{https://www.fatf-gafi.org/about/}},
    author={Financial Action Task Force},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-03-08}
}

@article{Law2020Facebook,
    journal = {Stanford Journal of Blockchain Law \& Policy},
    note = {https://stanford-jblp.pubpub.org/pub/libra-tax-challenge},
    title = {Facebook's Libra: The Next Tax Challenge for the Digital Economy},
    url = {https://stanford-jblp.pubpub.org/pub/libra-tax-challenge},
    author = {Allison Christians and Mahwish Tazeem},
    date = {2020-06-27},
    year = {2020},
    month = {6},
    day = {27},
}

@book{RR-4418-ECC,
    author = {Silfversten, Erik and
        Marina Favaro and
        Linda Slapakova and
        Sascha Ishikawa and
        James Liu and
        Adrian Salas},
    title = {Exploring the use of Zcash cryptocurrency for illicit or criminal purposes},
    address={Santa Monica, CA},
    year={2020},
    doi={10.7249/RR4418},
    publisher={RAND Corporation}
}

@misc{fatf-vasp,
    author={Financial Action Task Force},
    year={2019},
    title={Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers},
    address={FATF, Paris},
    howpublished = {\url{www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations/documents/Guidance-RBA-virtual-assets.html}}
}

@misc{bloomberg-zug-crypto-tax,
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-03/swiss-canton-takes-taxes-in-bitcoin-as-crypto-goes-mainstream}},
    title={Swiss Canton Takes Taxes in Bitcoin as Crypto Gains Traction},
    author={Leonard Kehnscherper},
    year={2020},
    month={09},
    day={03},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-03-08}
}

@misc{boe-legal-tender,
    howpublished={\url{https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/knowledgebank/what-is-legal-tender}},
    title={What is legal tender?},
    author={Bank of England},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-03-08}
}

@misc{zbi-article,
    title={Thoughts on the design of Zeth Bearer Instruments (ZBIs)},
    author={Antoine Rondelet},
    year={2020},
    howpublished={\url{https://medium.com/clearmatics/thoughts-on-the-design-of-zeth-bearer-instruments-zbis-725c1b32d64c}}
}

@misc{zeth-relay,
    title={On the design of Zeth transaction relays},
    author={Antoine Rondelet and Duncan Tebbs},
    howpublished={\url{https://github.com/clearmatics/zeth-specifications/blob/master/relay/zeth_relay.pdf}},
    year={2020}
}

@misc{EPRINT:DGKOS20,
    author = {Ivan Damgård and Chaya Ganesh and Hamidreza Khoshakhlagh and Claudio Orlandi and Luisa Siniscalchi},
    title = {Balancing Privacy and Accountability in Blockchain Transactions},
    howpublished = {Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2020/1511},
    year = {2020},
    note = {\url{https://eprint.iacr.org/2020/1511}}
}

@misc{stable-act-draft,
    author = {Rashida Tlaib and
        Jesus ``Chuy'' García and
        Stephen Lynch},
	title = {A Bill to amend the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to provide for the classification and regulation of stablecoins, and for other purposes},
    howpublished = {\url{https://tlaib.house.gov/sites/tlaib.house.gov/files/STABLEAct.pdf}},
    year = {2020}
}

@proceedings{analysis-darknet,
    author = {Anela Sutanrikulu and
        Sandra Czajkowska and
        Jens Grossklags},
    title = {{A}nalysis of {D}arknet {M}arket {A}ctivity as a {C}ountry-{S}pecific, {S}ocio-{E}conomic and {T}echnological {P}henomenon},
    howpublished = {The Symposium on Electronic Crime Research},
    year = {2020},
    note = {\url{https://docs.apwg.org/ecrimeresearch/2020/29_Analysis_of_Darknet_Sales-eCrime_2020-Preconference_version.pdf}}
}

@proceedings{tails-ransoms,
    author = {Eireann Leverett and
        Eric Jardine and
        Erin Burns and
        Ankit Gangwa and
        Dan Geer},
    title = {Averages don't characterise the heavy tails of ransoms},
    howpublished = {The Symposium on Electronic Crime Research},
    note = {\url{https://docs.apwg.org/ecrimeresearch/2020/22_Averages_don_t_characterise_the_heavy_tails_of_ransoms.pdf}},
    year = {2020}
}

@techreport{cryptoasset-benchmark,
    author={Apolline Blandin and
        Dr. Gina Pieters and
        Yue Wu and
        Thomas Eisermann and
        Anton Dek and
        Sean Taylor and
        Damaris Njoki},
    title={3rd Global Cryptoasset Benchmarking Study},
    institution={University of Cambridge (Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance)},
    year={2020},
    note={\url{https://www.jbs.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/2021-ccaf-3rd-global-cryptoasset-benchmarking-study.pdf}}
}

@misc{zkp-and-law,
    author={Bamberger, Kenneth A. and
        Canetti, Ran and
        Goldwasser, Shafi and
        Wexler, Rebecca and
        Zimmerman, Evan},
    title = {Verification Dilemmas, Law, and the Promise of Zero-Knowledge Proofs},
    year = {2021},
    howpublished = {\url{https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3781082}}
}

@misc{role-sec,
    author = {James R. Doty},
    title = {The Role of Securities and Exchange Commission in an Internationalized Marketplace},
    howpublished = {60 Fordham L. Rev. S77},
    year = {1992},
    note = {\url{https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol60/iss6/5}}
}

@misc{mou-fsa-sec,
    author = {U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and
        U.K. Financial Services Authority},
    title = {Memorandum of Understanding},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.sec.gov/about/offices/oia/oia_multilateral/ukfsa_mou.pdf}},
    year = {2006}
}

@misc{mou-fsa-cftc,
    author = {US Commodity Futures Trading Commission and
        UK Financial Services Authority},
    title = {MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING CONCERNING COOPERATION AND THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION RELATED TO THE SUPERVISION OF  CROSS-BORDER CLEARING ORGANIZATIONS},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.cftc.gov/sites/default/files/idc/groups/public/@internationalaffairs/documents/file/ukfsa09.pdf}},
    year = {2009}
}

@misc{fca-sec-coop,
    author = {Financial Conduct Authority},
    title = {The UK Financial Conduct Authority and the US Securities and Exchange Commission sign updated supervisory cooperation arrangements},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.fca.org.uk/news/press-releases/uk-financial-conduct-authority-and-us-securities-and-exchange-commission-sign-updated-supervisory}},
    year = {2019}
}

@misc{fca-cftc-coop,
    author = {U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission},
    title = {Joint Statement by UK and US Authorities on Continuity of Derivatives Trading and Clearing Post-Brexit},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.cftc.gov/PressRoom/PressReleases/7876-19}},
    year = {2019}
}

@misc{cftc-dodd-frank,
    author = {U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission},
    title = {Dodd-Frank Act},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.cftc.gov/LawRegulation/DoddFrankAct/index.htm}}
}

@misc{sec-howey,
    author = {U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission},
    title = {Framework for "Investment Contract" Analysis of Digital Assets},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.sec.gov/corpfin/framework-investment-contract-analysis-digital-assets}}
}

@misc{eib-bond-ethereum,
    author = {David Yormesor},
    title = {EIB issues its first ever digital bond on a public blockchain},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.eib.org/en/press/all/2021-141-european-investment-bank-eib-issues-its-first-ever-digital-bond-on-a-public-blockchain}}
}

@misc{occ-blockchain,
    author = {Jonathan V. Gould},
    title = {OCC Chief Counsel’s Interpretation on National Bank and Federal Savings Association Authority to Use Independent Node Verification Networks and Stablecoins for Payment Activities},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.occ.gov/news-issuances/news-releases/2021/nr-occ-2021-2a.pdf}}
}

@misc{forbes-ledger-hack,
    author = {Kenneth Rapoza},
    title = {After Ledger Hack, Who Can You Trust For Bitcoin Storage?},
    year = {2020},
    howpublished = {https://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2021/12/28/after-ledger-hack-who-can-you-trust-for-bitcoin-storage/}
}

@misc{ledger-hack-fear,
    author = {Adrian Zmudzinski},
    title = {Hacked Ledger customers fear for safety},
    year = {2020},
    howpublished = {https://modernconsensus.com/cryptocurrencies/hacked-ledger-customers-fear-for-safety/}
}

@misc{fatf-va-sixth-draft,
    author = {FATF},
    year = {2021},
    title = {Public consultation on FATF draft guidance on a risk-based approach to virtual assets and virtual asset service providers},
    howpublished = {https://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations/documents/public-consultation-guidance-vasp.html}
}

@misc{fatf-vasp-updated,
    author = {FATF},
    year = {2021},
    title = {Updated Guidance for a Risk-Based Approach to Virtual Assets and Virtual Asset Service Providers},
    howpublished = {https://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfrecommendations/documents/guidance-rba-virtual-assets-2021.html}
}

@article{two-side-private-public-law,
    title = "Two Sides of the Same Coin: EU Financial Regulation and Private Law",
    author = "O.O. Cherednychenko",
    year = "2021",
    doi = "10.1007/s40804-020-00202-y",
    language = "English",
    volume = "22",
    pages = "147--172",
    journal = "European Business Organization Law Review",
    issn = "1741-6205",
    number = "1",
}

@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2006-05201,
  author    = {Antoine Rondelet},
  title     = {A note on anonymous credentials using {BLS} signatures},
  journal   = {CoRR},
  volume    = {abs/2006.05201},
  year      = {2020},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.05201},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  eprint    = {2006.05201},
  timestamp = {Fri, 12 Jun 2020 14:02:57 +0200},
  biburl    = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2006-05201.bib},
  bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@misc{zeth-state-simulation2021,
    author={Antoine Rondelet},
    title={Zeth cadCAD Simulations},
    howpublished={\url{https://github.com/clearmatics/simodelation/blob/master/zeth/zeth-cadCAD-simulation.ipynb}},
    year={2021}
}

@misc{rwot-models-identity,
    author={Joe Andrieu and
    Nathan George and
    Andrew Hughes and
    Christophe MacIntosh and
    Antoine Rondelet},
    title={Five Mental Models of Identity},
    howpublished={Rebooting the Web of Trust VII},
    note={\url{https://github.com/WebOfTrustInfo/rwot7-toronto/blob/master/final-documents/mental-models.pdf}},
    year={2018}
}

@misc{ethyellowpaper,
    author = {Dr Gavin Wood},
    title = {{ETHEREUM:  A Secure Decentralised Generalised Transaction Ledger Byzantium}},
    howpublished = "\url{https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf}",
    year = {2019},
    note = "[VERSION 7e819ec - 2019-10-20]"
}

@misc{bbc-btc-legal-tender,
    author = {BBC News},
    title = {Bitcoin: El Salvador makes cryptocurrency legal tender},
    howpublished = {\url{https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-57398274}},
    year = {2021}
}

@misc{aztec-protocol,
    title={The AZTEC Protocol},
    author={Zachary J. Williamson},
    howpublished={\url{https://github.com/AztecProtocol/AZTEC/blob/master/AZTEC.pdf}},
    year={2019}
}

@misc{zcash-protocol,
    title={Zcash Protocol Specification},
    author={Daira Hopwood and Sean Bowe and Taylor Hornby and Nathan Wilcox},
    howpublished={\url{https://github.com/zcash/zips/blob/master/protocol/protocol.pdf}},
    year={2021},
    note = {Version 2021.2.14 [NU5 proposal]}
}

@misc{elliptic-company,
    howpublished={\url{https://www.elliptic.co/}},
    author={Elliptic},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}

@misc{chainanalysis-company,
    howpublished={\url{https://www.chainalysis.com/}},
    author={Chainalysis},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}

@misc{bitcoin-abuse,
    howpublished={\url{https://www.bitcoinabuse.com/}},
    author={Alan Reed},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}

@misc{btcrelay,
    howpublished={\url{http://btcrelay.org/}},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}

@misc{rainbow-bridge,
    howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/aurora-is-near/rainbow-bridge}},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}

@misc{eth-docs-evm,
    howpublished = {\url{https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/}},
    note = {Last accessed: 2021-09-13}
}