https://leetcode.com/problems/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation/description/
Evaluate the value of an arithmetic expression in Reverse Polish Notation.
Valid operators are +, -, *, /. Each operand may be an integer or another expression.
Note:
Division between two integers should truncate toward zero.
The given RPN expression is always valid. That means the expression would always evaluate to a result and there won't be any divide by zero operation.
- 栈
逆波兰表达式又叫做后缀表达式。在通常的表达式中,二元运算符总是置于与之相关的两个运算对象之间,这种表示法也称为中缀表示
。
波兰逻辑学家J.Lukasiewicz于1929年提出了另一种表示表达式的方法,按此方法,每一运算符都置于其运算对象之后,故称为后缀表示
。
逆波兰表达式是一种十分有用的表达式,它将复杂表达式转换为可以依靠简单的操作得到计算结果的表达式。例如(a+b)(c+d)转换为ab+cd+
-
栈的基本用法
-
如果你用的是JS的话,需要注意/ 和 其他很多语言是不一样的
-
如果你用的是JS的话,需要先将字符串转化为数字。否则有很多意想不到的结果
-
操作符的顺序应该是 先出栈的是第二位,后出栈的是第一位。 这在不符合交换律的操作中很重要, 比如减法和除法。
/*
* @lc app=leetcode id=150 lang=javascript
*
* [150] Evaluate Reverse Polish Notation
*
* https://leetcode.com/problems/evaluate-reverse-polish-notation/description/
*
* algorithms
* Medium (31.43%)
* Total Accepted: 153.3K
* Total Submissions: 485.8K
* Testcase Example: '["2","1","+","3","*"]'
*
* Evaluate the value of an arithmetic expression in Reverse Polish Notation.
*
* Valid operators are +, -, *, /. Each operand may be an integer or another
* expression.
*
* Note:
*
*
* Division between two integers should truncate toward zero.
* The given RPN expression is always valid. That means the expression would
* always evaluate to a result and there won't be any divide by zero
* operation.
*
*
* Example 1:
*
*
* Input: ["2", "1", "+", "3", "*"]
* Output: 9
* Explanation: ((2 + 1) * 3) = 9
*
*
* Example 2:
*
*
* Input: ["4", "13", "5", "/", "+"]
* Output: 6
* Explanation: (4 + (13 / 5)) = 6
*
*
* Example 3:
*
*
* Input: ["10", "6", "9", "3", "+", "-11", "*", "/", "*", "17", "+", "5", "+"]
* Output: 22
* Explanation:
* ((10 * (6 / ((9 + 3) * -11))) + 17) + 5
* = ((10 * (6 / (12 * -11))) + 17) + 5
* = ((10 * (6 / -132)) + 17) + 5
* = ((10 * 0) + 17) + 5
* = (0 + 17) + 5
* = 17 + 5
* = 22
*
*
*/
/**
* @param {string[]} tokens
* @return {number}
*/
var evalRPN = function(tokens) {
// 这种算法的前提是 tokens是有效的,
// 当然这由算法来保证
const stack = [];
for (let index = 0; index < tokens.length; index++) {
const token = tokens[index];
// 对于运算数, 我们直接入栈
if (!Number.isNaN(Number(token))) {
stack.push(token);
} else {
// 遇到操作符,我们直接大胆运算,不用考虑算术优先级
// 然后将运算结果入栈即可
// 当然如果题目进一步扩展,允许使用单目等其他运算符,我们的算法需要做微小的调整
const a = Number(stack.pop());
const b = Number(stack.pop());
if (token === "*") {
stack.push(b * a);
} else if (token === "/") {
stack.push(b / a >> 0);
} else if (token === "+") {
stack.push(b + a);
} else if (token === "-") {
stack.push(b - a);
}
}
}
return stack.pop();
};
逆波兰表达式中只改变运算符的顺序,并不会改变操作数的相对顺序,这是一个重要的性质。 另外逆波兰表达式完全不关心操作符的优先级,这在中缀表达式中是做不到的,这很有趣,感兴趣的可以私下查找资料研究下为什么会这样。