diff --git a/core/commands/routing.go b/core/commands/routing.go
index 2d578fcb60f..76672c6f2fa 100644
--- a/core/commands/routing.go
+++ b/core/commands/routing.go
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import (
 
 	cmdenv "github.com/ipfs/kubo/core/commands/cmdenv"
 
+	iface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
+	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
 	dag "github.com/ipfs/boxo/ipld/merkledag"
 	path "github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	cid "github.com/ipfs/go-cid"
@@ -19,6 +21,16 @@ import (
 	routing "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/routing"
 )
 
+var (
+	errAllowOffline = errors.New("can't put while offline: pass `--allow-offline` to override")
+)
+
+const (
+	dhtVerboseOptionName   = "verbose"
+	numProvidersOptionName = "num-providers"
+	allowOfflineOptionName = "allow-offline"
+)
+
 var RoutingCmd = &cmds.Command{
 	Helptext: cmds.HelpText{
 		Tagline:          "Issue routing commands.",
@@ -34,14 +46,6 @@ var RoutingCmd = &cmds.Command{
 	},
 }
 
-const (
-	dhtVerboseOptionName = "verbose"
-)
-
-const (
-	numProvidersOptionName = "num-providers"
-)
-
 var findProvidersRoutingCmd = &cmds.Command{
 	Helptext: cmds.HelpText{
 		Tagline:          "Find peers that can provide a specific value, given a key.",
@@ -420,6 +424,9 @@ identified by QmFoo.
 		cmds.StringArg("key", true, false, "The key to store the value at."),
 		cmds.FileArg("value-file", true, false, "A path to a file containing the value to store.").EnableStdin(),
 	},
+	Options: []cmds.Option{
+		cmds.BoolOption(allowOfflineOptionName, "When offline, save the IPNS record to the the local datastore without broadcasting to the network instead of simply failing."),
+	},
 	Run: func(req *cmds.Request, res cmds.ResponseEmitter, env cmds.Environment) error {
 		api, err := cmdenv.GetApi(env, req)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -437,13 +444,22 @@ identified by QmFoo.
 			return err
 		}
 
-		err = api.Routing().Put(req.Context, req.Arguments[0], data)
+		allowOffline, _ := req.Options[allowOfflineOptionName].(bool)
+
+		opts := []options.RoutingPutOption{
+			options.Put.AllowOffline(allowOffline),
+		}
+
+		err = api.Routing().Put(req.Context, req.Arguments[0], data, opts...)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
 		id, err := api.Key().Self(req.Context)
 		if err != nil {
+			if err == iface.ErrOffline {
+				err = errAllowOffline
+			}
 			return err
 		}
 
diff --git a/core/coreapi/routing.go b/core/coreapi/routing.go
index 76d96931679..95b50aa631d 100644
--- a/core/coreapi/routing.go
+++ b/core/coreapi/routing.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 
 	coreiface "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface"
+	caopts "github.com/ipfs/boxo/coreiface/options"
 	"github.com/ipfs/boxo/path"
 	peer "github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p/core/peer"
 )
@@ -24,9 +25,15 @@ func (r *RoutingAPI) Get(ctx context.Context, key string) ([]byte, error) {
 	return r.routing.GetValue(ctx, dhtKey)
 }
 
-func (r *RoutingAPI) Put(ctx context.Context, key string, value []byte) error {
-	if !r.nd.IsOnline {
-		return coreiface.ErrOffline
+func (r *RoutingAPI) Put(ctx context.Context, key string, value []byte, opts ...caopts.RoutingPutOption) error {
+	options, err := caopts.RoutingPutOptions(opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = r.checkOnline(options.AllowOffline)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
 	dhtKey, err := normalizeKey(key)
diff --git a/core/coreapi/test/api_test.go b/core/coreapi/test/api_test.go
index dafadcc1f28..64d8738963c 100644
--- a/core/coreapi/test/api_test.go
+++ b/core/coreapi/test/api_test.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ const testPeerID = "QmTFauExutTsy4XP6JbMFcw2Wa9645HJt2bTqL6qYDCKfe"
 
 type NodeProvider struct{}
 
-func (NodeProvider) MakeAPISwarm(ctx context.Context, fullIdentity bool, n int) ([]coreiface.CoreAPI, error) {
+func (NodeProvider) MakeAPISwarm(ctx context.Context, fullIdentity bool, online bool, n int) ([]coreiface.CoreAPI, error) {
 	mn := mocknet.New()
 
 	nodes := make([]*core.IpfsNode, n)
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (NodeProvider) MakeAPISwarm(ctx context.Context, fullIdentity bool, n int)
 			Routing: libp2p.DHTServerOption,
 			Repo:    r,
 			Host:    mock.MockHostOption(mn),
-			Online:  fullIdentity,
+			Online:  online,
 			ExtraOpts: map[string]bool{
 				"pubsub": true,
 			},
@@ -102,15 +102,17 @@ func (NodeProvider) MakeAPISwarm(ctx context.Context, fullIdentity bool, n int)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	bsinf := bootstrap.BootstrapConfigWithPeers(
-		[]peer.AddrInfo{
-			nodes[0].Peerstore.PeerInfo(nodes[0].Identity),
-		},
-	)
+	if online {
+		bsinf := bootstrap.BootstrapConfigWithPeers(
+			[]peer.AddrInfo{
+				nodes[0].Peerstore.PeerInfo(nodes[0].Identity),
+			},
+		)
 
-	for _, n := range nodes[1:] {
-		if err := n.Bootstrap(bsinf); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+		for _, n := range nodes[1:] {
+			if err := n.Bootstrap(bsinf); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/core/coreapi/test/path_test.go b/core/coreapi/test/path_test.go
index 9f67f3c7187..c89ce48c960 100644
--- a/core/coreapi/test/path_test.go
+++ b/core/coreapi/test/path_test.go
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func TestPathUnixFSHAMTPartial(t *testing.T) {
 	defer cancel()
 
 	// Create a node
-	apis, err := NodeProvider{}.MakeAPISwarm(ctx, true, 1)
+	apis, err := NodeProvider{}.MakeAPISwarm(ctx, true, true, 1)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
diff --git a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
index 6eb1bcb5eb5..fd3ad890990 100644
--- a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
+++ b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.mod
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ go 1.18
 replace github.com/ipfs/kubo => ./../../..
 
 require (
-	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1
+	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866
 	github.com/ipfs/kubo v0.0.0-00010101000000-000000000000
 	github.com/libp2p/go-libp2p v0.27.1
 	github.com/multiformats/go-multiaddr v0.9.0
diff --git a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
index 2302548a970..15bf75e8294 100644
--- a/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
+++ b/docs/examples/kubo-as-a-library/go.sum
@@ -321,8 +321,8 @@ github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20181102032728-5e5cf60278f6/go.mod h1:
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0/go.mod h1:PxqpIevigyE2G7u3NXJIT2ANytuPF1OarO4DADm73n8=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 h1:Gi+8EGJ2y5qiD5FbsbpX/TMNcJw8gSqr7eyjHa4Fhvs=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4/go.mod h1:cS9YprKXpoZ9lT0n/Mw/a6/aFV6DTjTLYHeA+gyqMG0=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1 h1:3DkKBCK+3rdEB5t77WDShUXXhktYwH99mkAsgajsKrU=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1/go.mod h1:xJ2hVb4La5WyD7GvKYE0lq2g1rmQZoCD2K4WNrV6aZI=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866 h1:ThRTXD/EyoLb/jz+YW+ZlOLbjX9FyaxP0dEpgUp3cCE=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866/go.mod h1:bORAHrH6hUtDZjbzTEaLrSpTdyhHKDIpjDRT+A14B7w=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0 h1:fh7FIo8bSwaJEh6DdTWbCeZ1eqOaOkKFI74SCnsWbGA=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0/go.mod h1:paqf1wjq/D2BBmzfTVFlJQ9IlFOZpg422HL0HqsGWHU=
 github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.0.2/go.mod h1:AWR46JfpcObNfg3ok2JHDUfdiHRgWhJgCQF+KIgOPJY=
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index b83143f9bb1..159bbd3e4fd 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1
-	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1
+	github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866
 	github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.1.2
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cid v0.4.1
 	github.com/ipfs/go-cidutil v0.1.0
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index b00e5aed63f..16d312ef5d7 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -356,8 +356,8 @@ github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20181102032728-5e5cf60278f6/go.mod h1:
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.0.0/go.mod h1:PxqpIevigyE2G7u3NXJIT2ANytuPF1OarO4DADm73n8=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4 h1:Gi+8EGJ2y5qiD5FbsbpX/TMNcJw8gSqr7eyjHa4Fhvs=
 github.com/ipfs/bbloom v0.0.4/go.mod h1:cS9YprKXpoZ9lT0n/Mw/a6/aFV6DTjTLYHeA+gyqMG0=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1 h1:3DkKBCK+3rdEB5t77WDShUXXhktYwH99mkAsgajsKrU=
-github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.1/go.mod h1:xJ2hVb4La5WyD7GvKYE0lq2g1rmQZoCD2K4WNrV6aZI=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866 h1:ThRTXD/EyoLb/jz+YW+ZlOLbjX9FyaxP0dEpgUp3cCE=
+github.com/ipfs/boxo v0.8.2-0.20230503105907-8059f183d866/go.mod h1:bORAHrH6hUtDZjbzTEaLrSpTdyhHKDIpjDRT+A14B7w=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0 h1:fh7FIo8bSwaJEh6DdTWbCeZ1eqOaOkKFI74SCnsWbGA=
 github.com/ipfs/go-bitfield v1.1.0/go.mod h1:paqf1wjq/D2BBmzfTVFlJQ9IlFOZpg422HL0HqsGWHU=
 github.com/ipfs/go-block-format v0.0.2/go.mod h1:AWR46JfpcObNfg3ok2JHDUfdiHRgWhJgCQF+KIgOPJY=
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains.sh b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains.sh
index 04f762ad68e..bf507098590 100755
--- a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains.sh
+++ b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains.sh
@@ -93,40 +93,29 @@ test_launch_ipfs_daemon_without_network
 
 # Import test case
 # See the static fixtures in ./t0114-gateway-subdomains/
-test_expect_success "Add the test fixtures" '
-  ipfs dag import ../t0114-gateway-subdomains/fixtures.car
-'
-CID_VAL="hello"
+CID_VAL=hello
 CIDv1=bafkreicysg23kiwv34eg2d7qweipxwosdo2py4ldv42nbauguluen5v6am
 CIDv0=QmZULkCELmmk5XNfCgTnCyFgAVxBRBXyDHGGMVoLFLiXEN
-# CIDv0to1 is necessary because raw-leaves are enabled by default during
-# "ipfs add" with CIDv1 and disabled with CIDv0
 CIDv0to1=bafybeiffndsajwhk3lwjewwdxqntmjm4b5wxaaanokonsggenkbw6slwk4
 CIDv1_TOO_LONG=bafkrgqhhyivzstcz3hhswshfjgy6ertgmnqeleynhwt4dlfsthi4hn7zgh4uvlsb5xncykzapi3ocd4lzogukir6ksdy6wzrnz6ohnv4aglcs
-DIR_CID=bafybeiht6dtwk3les7vqm6ibpvz6qpohidvlshsfyr7l5mpysdw2vmbbhe # ./testdirlisting
-
-test_expect_success "Publish test text file to IPNS using RSA keys" '
-  RSA_KEY=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=b58mh --type=rsa --size=2048 test_key_rsa | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
-  RSA_IPNS_IDv0=$(echo "$RSA_KEY" | ipfs cid format -v 0)
-  RSA_IPNS_IDv1=$(echo "$RSA_KEY" | ipfs cid format -v 1 --mc libp2p-key -b base36)
-  RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=$(echo "$RSA_IPNS_IDv0" | ipfs cid format -v 1 -b base36)
-  test_check_peerid "${RSA_KEY}" &&
-  ipfs name publish --key test_key_rsa --allow-offline -Q "/ipfs/$CIDv1" > name_publish_out &&
-  ipfs name resolve "$RSA_KEY"  > output &&
-  printf "/ipfs/%s\n" "$CIDv1" > expected2 &&
-  test_cmp expected2 output
-'
+DIR_CID=bafybeiht6dtwk3les7vqm6ibpvz6qpohidvlshsfyr7l5mpysdw2vmbbhe
+
+RSA_KEY=QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3
+RSA_IPNS_IDv0=QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3
+RSA_IPNS_IDv1=k2k4r8m7xvggw5pxxk3abrkwyer625hg01hfyggrai7lk1m63fuihi7w
+RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=k2jmtxu61bnhrtj301lw7zizknztocdbeqhxgv76l2q9t36fn9jbzipo
 
-test_expect_success "Publish test text file to IPNS using ED25519 keys" '
-  ED25519_KEY=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=b58mh --type=ed25519 test_key_ed25519 | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
-  ED25519_IPNS_IDv0=$ED25519_KEY
-  ED25519_IPNS_IDv1=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base=base36 | grep test_key_ed25519 | cut -d " " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
-  ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=$(echo "$ED25519_IPNS_IDv1" | ipfs cid format -v 1 -b base36 --mc dag-pb)
-  test_check_peerid "${ED25519_KEY}" &&
-  ipfs name publish --key test_key_ed25519 --allow-offline -Q "/ipfs/$CIDv1" > name_publish_out &&
-  ipfs name resolve "$ED25519_KEY"  > output &&
-  printf "/ipfs/%s\n" "$CIDv1" > expected2 &&
-  test_cmp expected2 output
+ED25519_KEY=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv0=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv1=k51qzi5uqu5dk3v4rmjber23h16xnr23bsggmqqil9z2gduiis5se8dht36dam
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=k50rm9yjlt0jey4fqg6wafvqprktgbkpgkqdg27tpqje6iimzxewnhvtin9hhq
+IPNS_ED25519_B58MH=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+IPNS_ED25519_B36CID=k51qzi5uqu5dk3v4rmjber23h16xnr23bsggmqqil9z2gduiis5se8dht36dam
+
+test_expect_success "Add the test fixtures" '
+  ipfs dag import ../t0114-gateway-subdomains/fixtures.car &&
+  ipfs routing put --allow-offline /ipns/${RSA_KEY} ../t0114-gateway-subdomains/${RSA_KEY}.ipns-record &&
+  ipfs routing put --allow-offline /ipns/${ED25519_KEY} ../t0114-gateway-subdomains/${ED25519_KEY}.ipns-record
 '
 
 # ensure we start with empty Gateway.PublicGateways
@@ -588,11 +577,6 @@ test_expect_success \
 ## https://github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs/issues/7318
 ## ============================================================================
 
-# ed25519 fits under 63 char limit when represented in base36
-IPNS_KEY="test_key_ed25519"
-IPNS_ED25519_B58MH=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base b58mh | grep $IPNS_KEY | cut -d" " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
-IPNS_ED25519_B36CID=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base base36 | grep $IPNS_KEY | cut -d" " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
-
 # local: *.localhost
 test_localhost_gateway_response_should_contain \
   "request for a ED25519 libp2p-key at localhost/ipns/{b58mh} returns Location HTTP header for DNS-safe subdomain redirect in browsers" \
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39b2f41a408
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d.ipns-record differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b37d9b75b50
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3.ipns-record differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/README.md b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/README.md
index 611bd0ed5ad..005a7f0c51a 100644
--- a/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/README.md
+++ b/test/sharness/t0114-gateway-subdomains/README.md
@@ -3,10 +3,16 @@
 - fixtures.car
   - raw CARv1
 
-generated with:
+- QmUKd....ipns-record
+  - ipns record, encoded with protocol buffer
+
+- 12D3K....ipns-record
+  - ipns record, encoded with protocol buffer
+
+Generated with:
 
 ```sh
-# using ipfs version 0.18.1
+# using ipfs version 0.21.0-dev (03a98280e3e642774776cd3d0435ab53e5dfa867)
 
 # CIDv0to1 is necessary because raw-leaves are enabled by default during
 # "ipfs add" with CIDv1 and disabled with CIDv0
@@ -17,6 +23,7 @@ CIDv0to1=$(echo "$CIDv0" | ipfs cid base32)
 # sha512 will be over 63char limit, even when represented in Base36
 CIDv1_TOO_LONG=$(echo $CID_VAL | ipfs add --cid-version 1 --hash sha2-512 -Q)
 
+echo CID_VAL=${CID_VAL}
 echo CIDv1=${CIDv1}
 echo CIDv0=${CIDv0}
 echo CIDv0to1=${CIDv0to1}
@@ -32,7 +39,7 @@ echo "I am a txt file" > testdirlisting/api/file.txt &&
 echo "I am a txt file" > testdirlisting/ipfs/file.txt &&
 DIR_CID=$(ipfs add -Qr --cid-version 1 testdirlisting)
 
-echo DIR_CID=${DIR_CID}
+echo DIR_CID=${DIR_CID} # ./testdirlisting
 
 ipfs files mkdir /t0114/
 ipfs files cp /ipfs/${CIDv1} /t0114/
@@ -45,10 +52,60 @@ ROOT=`ipfs files stat /t0114/ --hash`
 
 ipfs dag export ${ROOT} > ./fixtures.car
 
-# CID_VAL="hello"
+# Then the keys
+
+KEY_NAME=test_key_rsa_$RANDOM
+RSA_KEY=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=b58mh --type=rsa --size=2048 ${KEY_NAME} | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
+RSA_IPNS_IDv0=$(echo "$RSA_KEY" | ipfs cid format -v 0)
+RSA_IPNS_IDv1=$(echo "$RSA_KEY" | ipfs cid format -v 1 --mc libp2p-key -b base36)
+RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=$(echo "$RSA_IPNS_IDv0" | ipfs cid format -v 1 -b base36)
+
+# publish a record valid for a 100 years
+ipfs name publish --key ${KEY_NAME} --allow-offline -Q --ttl=876600h --lifetime=876600h "/ipfs/$CIDv1"
+ipfs routing get /ipns/${RSA_KEY} > ${RSA_KEY}.ipns-record
+
+echo RSA_KEY=${RSA_KEY}
+echo RSA_IPNS_IDv0=${RSA_IPNS_IDv0}
+echo RSA_IPNS_IDv1=${RSA_IPNS_IDv1}
+echo RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=${RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB}
+
+KEY_NAME=test_key_ed25519_$RANDOM
+ED25519_KEY=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=b58mh --type=ed25519 ${KEY_NAME} | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv0=$ED25519_KEY
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv1=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base=base36 | grep ${KEY_NAME} | cut -d " " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
+ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=$(echo "$ED25519_IPNS_IDv1" | ipfs cid format -v 1 -b base36 --mc dag-pb)
+
+# ed25519 fits under 63 char limit when represented in base36
+IPNS_ED25519_B58MH=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base b58mh | grep $KEY_NAME | cut -d" " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
+IPNS_ED25519_B36CID=$(ipfs key list -l --ipns-base base36 | grep $KEY_NAME | cut -d" " -f1 | tr -d "\n")
+
+# publish a record valid for a 100 years
+ipfs name publish --key ${KEY_NAME} --allow-offline -Q --ttl=876600h --lifetime=876600h "/ipfs/$CIDv1"
+ipfs routing get /ipns/${ED25519_KEY} > ${ED25519_KEY}.ipns-record
+
+echo ED25519_KEY=${ED25519_KEY}
+echo ED25519_IPNS_IDv0=${ED25519_IPNS_IDv0}
+echo ED25519_IPNS_IDv1=${ED25519_IPNS_IDv1}
+echo ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=${ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB}
+echo IPNS_ED25519_B58MH=${IPNS_ED25519_B58MH}
+echo IPNS_ED25519_B36CID=${IPNS_ED25519_B36CID}
+
+# CID_VAL=hello
 # CIDv1=bafkreicysg23kiwv34eg2d7qweipxwosdo2py4ldv42nbauguluen5v6am
 # CIDv0=QmZULkCELmmk5XNfCgTnCyFgAVxBRBXyDHGGMVoLFLiXEN
 # CIDv0to1=bafybeiffndsajwhk3lwjewwdxqntmjm4b5wxaaanokonsggenkbw6slwk4
 # CIDv1_TOO_LONG=bafkrgqhhyivzstcz3hhswshfjgy6ertgmnqeleynhwt4dlfsthi4hn7zgh4uvlsb5xncykzapi3ocd4lzogukir6ksdy6wzrnz6ohnv4aglcs
 # DIR_CID=bafybeiht6dtwk3les7vqm6ibpvz6qpohidvlshsfyr7l5mpysdw2vmbbhe # ./testdirlisting
+
+# RSA_KEY=QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3
+# RSA_IPNS_IDv0=QmVujd5Vb7moysJj8itnGufN7MEtPRCNHkKpNuA4onsRa3
+# RSA_IPNS_IDv1=k2k4r8m7xvggw5pxxk3abrkwyer625hg01hfyggrai7lk1m63fuihi7w
+# RSA_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=k2jmtxu61bnhrtj301lw7zizknztocdbeqhxgv76l2q9t36fn9jbzipo
+
+# ED25519_KEY=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+# ED25519_IPNS_IDv0=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+# ED25519_IPNS_IDv1=k51qzi5uqu5dk3v4rmjber23h16xnr23bsggmqqil9z2gduiis5se8dht36dam
+# ED25519_IPNS_IDv1_DAGPB=k50rm9yjlt0jey4fqg6wafvqprktgbkpgkqdg27tpqje6iimzxewnhvtin9hhq
+# IPNS_ED25519_B58MH=12D3KooWLQzUv2FHWGVPXTXSZpdHs7oHbXub2G5WC8Tx4NQhyd2d
+# IPNS_ED25519_B36CID=k51qzi5uqu5dk3v4rmjber23h16xnr23bsggmqqil9z2gduiis5se8dht36dam
 ```
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache.sh b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache.sh
index 0cb1a94eb00..b2e6b3af38b 100755
--- a/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache.sh
+++ b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache.sh
@@ -25,24 +25,18 @@ test_launch_ipfs_daemon_without_network
 # Caching of things like raw blocks, CARs, dag-json and dag-cbor
 # is tested in their respective suites.
 
-# Import test case
-# See the static fixtures in ./t0116-gateway-cache/
-test_expect_success "Add the test directory" '
-  ipfs dag import ../t0116-gateway-cache/fixtures.car
-'
 ROOT1_CID=bafybeib3ffl2teiqdncv3mkz4r23b5ctrwkzrrhctdbne6iboayxuxk5ui # ./
 ROOT2_CID=bafybeih2w7hjocxjg6g2ku25hvmd53zj7og4txpby3vsusfefw5rrg5sii # ./root2
 ROOT3_CID=bafybeiawdvhmjcz65x5egzx4iukxc72hg4woks6v6fvgyupiyt3oczk5ja # ./root2/root3
 ROOT4_CID=bafybeifq2rzpqnqrsdupncmkmhs3ckxxjhuvdcbvydkgvch3ms24k5lo7q # ./root2/root3/root4
 FILE_CID=bafkreicysg23kiwv34eg2d7qweipxwosdo2py4ldv42nbauguluen5v6am # ./root2/root3/root4/index.html
+TEST_IPNS_ID=k51qzi5uqu5dlxdsdu5fpuu7h69wu4ohp32iwm9pdt9nq3y5rpn3ln9j12zfhe
 
-test_expect_success "Prepare IPNS unixfs content path for testing" '
-  TEST_IPNS_ID=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=base36 --type=ed25519 cache_test_key | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
-  ipfs name publish --key cache_test_key --allow-offline -Q "/ipfs/$ROOT1_CID" > name_publish_out &&
-  test_check_peerid "${TEST_IPNS_ID}" &&
-  ipfs name resolve "${TEST_IPNS_ID}" > output &&
-  printf "/ipfs/%s\n" "$ROOT1_CID" > expected &&
-  test_cmp expected output
+# Import test case
+# See the static fixtures in ./t0116-gateway-cache/
+test_expect_success "Add the test directory" '
+  ipfs dag import ../t0116-gateway-cache/fixtures.car
+  ipfs routing put --allow-offline /ipns/${TEST_IPNS_ID} ../t0116-gateway-cache/${TEST_IPNS_ID}.ipns-record
 '
 
 # GET /ipfs/
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/README.md b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/README.md
index 8b44fe640b7..1be92f45456 100644
--- a/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/README.md
+++ b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/README.md
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@
 generated with:
 
 ```sh
-# using ipfs version 0.18.1
+# using ipfs version 0.21.0-dev (03a98280e3e642774776cd3d0435ab53e5dfa867)
+
 mkdir -p root2/root3/root4 &&
 echo "hello" > root2/root3/root4/index.html &&
 ROOT1_CID=$(ipfs add -Qrw --cid-version 1 root2)
@@ -15,11 +16,17 @@ ROOT3_CID=$(ipfs resolve -r /ipfs/$ROOT1_CID/root2/root3 | cut -d "/" -f3)
 ROOT4_CID=$(ipfs resolve -r /ipfs/$ROOT1_CID/root2/root3/root4 | cut -d "/" -f3)
 FILE_CID=$(ipfs resolve -r /ipfs/$ROOT1_CID/root2/root3/root4/index.html | cut -d "/" -f3)
 
-echo ROOT1_CID=${ROOT1_CID}
-echo ROOT2_CID=${ROOT2_CID}
-echo ROOT3_CID=${ROOT3_CID}
-echo ROOT4_CID=${ROOT4_CID}
-echo FILE_CID=${FILE_CID}
+TEST_IPNS_ID=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=base36 --type=ed25519 cache_test_key | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
+# publish a record valid for a 100 years
+ipfs name publish --key cache_test_key --allow-offline -Q --ttl=876600h --lifetime=876600h "/ipfs/$ROOT1_CID"
+ipfs routing get /ipns/${TEST_IPNS_ID} > ${TEST_IPNS_ID}.ipns-record
+
+echo ROOT1_CID=${ROOT1_CID} # ./
+echo ROOT2_CID=${ROOT2_CID} # ./root2
+echo ROOT3_CID=${ROOT3_CID} # ./root2/root3
+echo ROOT4_CID=${ROOT4_CID} # ./root2/root3/root4
+echo FILE_CID=${FILE_CID} # ./root2/root3/root4/index.html
+echo TEST_IPNS_ID=${TEST_IPNS_ID}
 
 ipfs dag export ${ROOT1_CID} > ./fixtures.car
 
@@ -28,4 +35,5 @@ ipfs dag export ${ROOT1_CID} > ./fixtures.car
 # ROOT3_CID=bafybeiawdvhmjcz65x5egzx4iukxc72hg4woks6v6fvgyupiyt3oczk5ja # ./root2/root3
 # ROOT4_CID=bafybeifq2rzpqnqrsdupncmkmhs3ckxxjhuvdcbvydkgvch3ms24k5lo7q # ./root2/root3/root4
 # FILE_CID=bafkreicysg23kiwv34eg2d7qweipxwosdo2py4ldv42nbauguluen5v6am # ./root2/root3/root4/index.html
+# TEST_IPNS_ID=k51qzi5uqu5dlxdsdu5fpuu7h69wu4ohp32iwm9pdt9nq3y5rpn3ln9j12zfhe
 ```
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/k51qzi5uqu5dlxdsdu5fpuu7h69wu4ohp32iwm9pdt9nq3y5rpn3ln9j12zfhe.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/k51qzi5uqu5dlxdsdu5fpuu7h69wu4ohp32iwm9pdt9nq3y5rpn3ln9j12zfhe.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9cd7491bf7e
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0116-gateway-cache/k51qzi5uqu5dlxdsdu5fpuu7h69wu4ohp32iwm9pdt9nq3y5rpn3ln9j12zfhe.ipns-record differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor.sh b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor.sh
index b22c056de78..745e984db98 100755
--- a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor.sh
+++ b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor.sh
@@ -163,6 +163,14 @@ test_expect_success "Add CARs for path traversal and DAG-PB representation tests
   test_should_contain $DAG_PB_CID import_output
 '
 
+IPNS_ID_DAG_JSON=k51qzi5uqu5dhjghbwdvbo6mi40htrq6e2z4pwgp15pgv3ho1azvidttzh8yy2
+IPNS_ID_DAG_CBOR=k51qzi5uqu5dghjous0agrwavl8vzl64xckoqzwqeqwudfr74kfd11zcyk3b7l
+
+test_expect_success "Add ipns records for path traversal and DAG-PB representation tests" '
+  ipfs routing put --allow-offline /ipns/${IPNS_ID_DAG_JSON} ../t0123-gateway-json-cbor/${IPNS_ID_DAG_JSON}.ipns-record &&
+  ipfs routing put --allow-offline /ipns/${IPNS_ID_DAG_CBOR} ../t0123-gateway-json-cbor/${IPNS_ID_DAG_CBOR}.ipns-record
+'
+
 test_expect_success "GET DAG-JSON traversal returns 501 if there is path remainder" '
   curl -sD - "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipfs/$DAG_JSON_TRAVERSAL_CID/foo?format=dag-json" > curl_output 2>&1 &&
   test_should_contain "501 Not Implemented" curl_output &&
@@ -197,6 +205,7 @@ test_native_dag () {
   format=$2
   disposition=$3
   CID=$4
+  IPNS_ID=$5
 
   # GET without explicit format and Accept: text/html returns raw block
 
@@ -313,15 +322,6 @@ test_native_dag () {
   # IPNS behavior (should be same as immutable /ipfs, but with different caching headers)
   # To keep tests small we only confirm payload is the same, and then only test delta around caching headers.
 
-  test_expect_success "Prepare IPNS with dag-$format" '
-    IPNS_ID=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=base36 --type=ed25519 ${format}_test_key | head -n1 | tr -d "\n") &&
-    ipfs name publish --key ${format}_test_key --allow-offline -Q "/ipfs/$CID" > name_publish_out &&
-    test_check_peerid "${IPNS_ID}" &&
-    ipfs name resolve "${IPNS_ID}" > output &&
-    printf "/ipfs/%s\n" "$CID" > expected &&
-    test_cmp expected output
-  '
-
   test_expect_success "GET $name from /ipns without explicit format returns the same payload as /ipfs" '
     curl -sX GET "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipfs/$CID" -o ipfs_output &&
     curl -sX GET "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipns/$IPNS_ID" -o ipns_output &&
@@ -369,8 +369,8 @@ test_native_dag () {
 
 }
 
-test_native_dag "DAG-JSON" "json" "inline" "$DAG_JSON_TRAVERSAL_CID"
-test_native_dag "DAG-CBOR" "cbor" "attachment" "$DAG_CBOR_TRAVERSAL_CID"
+test_native_dag "DAG-JSON" "json" "inline" "$DAG_JSON_TRAVERSAL_CID" ${IPNS_ID_DAG_JSON}
+test_native_dag "DAG-CBOR" "cbor" "attachment" "$DAG_CBOR_TRAVERSAL_CID" ${IPNS_ID_DAG_CBOR}
 
 test_kill_ipfs_daemon
 
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/README.md b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/README.md
index 4e83f42a161..5a63b192af8 100644
--- a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/README.md
+++ b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/README.md
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 generated with:
 
 ```sh
-# using ipfs version 0.18.1
+# using ipfs version 0.21.0-dev (03a98280e3e642774776cd3d0435ab53e5dfa867)
+
 mkdir -p rootDir/ipfs &&
 mkdir -p rootDir/ipns &&
 mkdir -p rootDir/api &&
@@ -37,8 +38,29 @@ echo FILE_SIZE=${FILE_SIZE}
 
 ipfs dag export ${DIR_CID} > fixtures.car
 
+DAG_CBOR_TRAVERSAL_CID="bafyreibs4utpgbn7uqegmd2goqz4bkyflre2ek2iwv743fhvylwi4zeeim"
+DAG_JSON_TRAVERSAL_CID="baguqeeram5ujjqrwheyaty3w5gdsmoz6vittchvhk723jjqxk7hakxkd47xq"
+DAG_PB_CID="bafybeiegxwlgmoh2cny7qlolykdf7aq7g6dlommarldrbm7c4hbckhfcke"
+
+test_native_dag() {
+  NAME=$1
+  CID=$2
+
+  IPNS_ID=$(ipfs key gen --ipns-base=base36 --type=ed25519 ${NAME}_test_key | head -n1 | tr -d "\n")
+  ipfs name publish --key ${NAME}_test_key --allow-offline --ttl=876600h --lifetime=876600h -Q "/ipfs/${CID}" > name_publish_out
+
+  ipfs routing get /ipns/${IPNS_ID} > ${IPNS_ID}.ipns-record
+
+  echo "IPNS_ID_${NAME}=${IPNS_ID}"
+}
+
+test_native_dag "DAG_JSON" "$DAG_JSON_TRAVERSAL_CID"
+test_native_dag "DAG_CBOR" "$DAG_CBOR_TRAVERSAL_CID"
+
 # DIR_CID=bafybeiafyvqlazbbbtjnn6how5d6h6l6rxbqc4qgpbmteaiskjrffmyy4a # ./rootDir
 # FILE_JSON_CID=bafkreibrppizs3g7axs2jdlnjua6vgpmltv7k72l7v7sa6mmht6mne3qqe # ./rootDir/ą/ę/t.json
 # FILE_CID=bafkreialihlqnf5uwo4byh4n3cmwlntwqzxxs2fg5vanqdi3d7tb2l5xkm # ./rootDir/ą/ę/file-źł.txt
 # FILE_SIZE=34
+# IPNS_ID_DAG_JSON=k51qzi5uqu5dhjghbwdvbo6mi40htrq6e2z4pwgp15pgv3ho1azvidttzh8yy2
+# IPNS_ID_DAG_CBOR=k51qzi5uqu5dghjous0agrwavl8vzl64xckoqzwqeqwudfr74kfd11zcyk3b7l
 ```
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dghjous0agrwavl8vzl64xckoqzwqeqwudfr74kfd11zcyk3b7l.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dghjous0agrwavl8vzl64xckoqzwqeqwudfr74kfd11zcyk3b7l.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7186c709e3c
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dghjous0agrwavl8vzl64xckoqzwqeqwudfr74kfd11zcyk3b7l.ipns-record differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dhjghbwdvbo6mi40htrq6e2z4pwgp15pgv3ho1azvidttzh8yy2.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dhjghbwdvbo6mi40htrq6e2z4pwgp15pgv3ho1azvidttzh8yy2.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28676f4d9a8
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0123-gateway-json-cbor/k51qzi5uqu5dhjghbwdvbo6mi40htrq6e2z4pwgp15pgv3ho1azvidttzh8yy2.ipns-record differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record.sh b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record.sh
index cff00aa84d6..1d05b56985a 100755
--- a/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record.sh
+++ b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record.sh
@@ -7,10 +7,16 @@ test_description="Test HTTP Gateway IPNS Record (application/vnd.ipfs.ipns-recor
 test_init_ipfs
 test_launch_ipfs_daemon
 
+# Import test case
+# See the static fixtures in ./t0124-gateway-ipns-record/
+IPNS_KEY=k51qzi5uqu5dh71qgwangrt6r0nd4094i88nsady6qgd1dhjcyfsaqmpp143ab
+FILE_CID=bafkreidfdrlkeq4m4xnxuyx6iae76fdm4wgl5d4xzsb77ixhyqwumhz244 # A file containing Hello IPFS
+test_expect_success "Add the test directory & IPNS records" '
+  ipfs dag import ../t0124-gateway-ipns-record/fixtures.car &&
+  ipfs routing put /ipns/${IPNS_KEY} ../t0124-gateway-ipns-record/${IPNS_KEY}.ipns-record
+'
+
 test_expect_success "Create and Publish IPNS Key" '
-  FILE_CID=$(echo "Hello IPFS" | ipfs add --cid-version 1 -q) &&
-  IPNS_KEY=$(ipfs key gen ipns-record) &&
-  ipfs name publish /ipfs/$FILE_CID --key=ipns-record --ttl=30m &&
   curl "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipns/$IPNS_KEY" > curl_output_filename &&
   test_should_contain "Hello IPFS" curl_output_filename
 '
@@ -31,14 +37,14 @@ test_expect_success "GET KEY with format=ipns-record has expected HTTP headers"
   curl -sD - "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipns/$IPNS_KEY?format=ipns-record" > curl_output_filename 2>&1 &&
   test_should_contain "Content-Disposition: attachment;" curl_output_filename &&
   test_should_contain "Content-Type: application/vnd.ipfs.ipns-record" curl_output_filename &&
-  test_should_contain "Cache-Control: public, max-age=1800" curl_output_filename
+  test_should_contain "Cache-Control: public, max-age=3155760000" curl_output_filename
 '
 
 test_expect_success "GET KEY with 'Accept: application/vnd.ipfs.ipns-record' has expected HTTP headers" '
   curl -H "Accept: application/vnd.ipfs.ipns-record" -sD - "http://127.0.0.1:$GWAY_PORT/ipns/$IPNS_KEY" > curl_output_filename 2>&1 &&
   test_should_contain "Content-Disposition: attachment;" curl_output_filename &&
   test_should_contain "Content-Type: application/vnd.ipfs.ipns-record" curl_output_filename &&
-  test_should_contain "Cache-Control: public, max-age=1800" curl_output_filename
+  test_should_contain "Cache-Control: public, max-age=3155760000" curl_output_filename
 '
 
 test_expect_success "GET KEY with expliciy ?filename= succeeds with modified Content-Disposition header" '
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/README.md b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ada577d4d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Dataset description/sources
+
+- fixtures.car
+  - raw CARv1
+
+- k51....ipns-record
+  - ipns record, encoded with protocol buffer
+
+generated with:
+
+```sh
+# using ipfs version 0.21.0-dev (03a98280e3e642774776cd3d0435ab53e5dfa867)
+FILE_CID=$(echo "Hello IPFS" | ipfs add --cid-version 1 -q)
+IPNS_KEY=$(ipfs key gen ipns-record)
+
+ipfs dag export ${FILE_CID} > fixtures.car
+
+# publish a record valid for a 100 years
+ipfs name publish --key=ipns-record --quieter --ttl=876600h --lifetime=876600h /ipfs/${FILE_CID}
+ipfs routing get /ipns/${IPNS_KEY} > ${IPNS_KEY}.ipns-record
+
+echo IPNS_KEY=${IPNS_KEY}
+echo FILE_CID=${FILE_CID} # A file containing "Hello IPFS"
+
+# IPNS_KEY=k51qzi5uqu5dh71qgwangrt6r0nd4094i88nsady6qgd1dhjcyfsaqmpp143ab
+# FILE_CID=bafkreidfdrlkeq4m4xnxuyx6iae76fdm4wgl5d4xzsb77ixhyqwumhz244 # A file containing Hello IPFS
+```
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/fixtures.car b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/fixtures.car
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5c541e430ea
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/fixtures.car differ
diff --git a/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/k51qzi5uqu5dh71qgwangrt6r0nd4094i88nsady6qgd1dhjcyfsaqmpp143ab.ipns-record b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/k51qzi5uqu5dh71qgwangrt6r0nd4094i88nsady6qgd1dhjcyfsaqmpp143ab.ipns-record
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec13ec55016
Binary files /dev/null and b/test/sharness/t0124-gateway-ipns-record/k51qzi5uqu5dh71qgwangrt6r0nd4094i88nsady6qgd1dhjcyfsaqmpp143ab.ipns-record differ