diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 1fa3dcd84..f7d58c7b3 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@ By default, both `pip-compile` and `pip-sync` will look first
 for a `.pip-tools.toml` file and then in your `pyproject.toml`. You can
 also specify an alternate TOML configuration file with the `--config` option.
 
+It is possible to specify configuration values both globally and tool-specific.
 For example, to by default generate `pip` hashes in the resulting
 requirements file output, you can specify in a configuration file:
 
@@ -311,6 +312,27 @@ so the above could also be specified in this format:
 generate_hashes = true
 ```
 
+Configuration defaults specific to `pip-compile` and `pip-sync` can be put beneath
+separate sections. For example, to by default perform a dry-run with `pip-compile`:
+
+```toml
+[tool.pip-compile]
+dry-run = true
+```
+
+This does not affect the `pip-sync` command, which also has a `--dry-run` option.
+Note that tool-specific configuration overrides global settings, thus this would
+also make `pip-compile` generate hashes, but discard the global dry-run setting:
+
+```toml
+[tool.pip-tools]
+generate-hashes = true
+dry-run = true
+
+[tool.pip-compile]
+dry-run = false
+```
+
 You might be wrapping the `pip-compile` command in another script. To avoid
 confusing consumers of your custom script you can override the update command
 generated at the top of requirements files by setting the
diff --git a/piptools/scripts/compile.py b/piptools/scripts/compile.py
index 1e47b8a69..5d7ecb7cc 100755
--- a/piptools/scripts/compile.py
+++ b/piptools/scripts/compile.py
@@ -72,7 +72,10 @@ def _determine_linesep(
     }[strategy]
 
 
-@click.command(context_settings={"help_option_names": options.help_option_names})
+@click.command(
+    name="pip-compile",
+    context_settings={"help_option_names": options.help_option_names},
+)
 @click.pass_context
 @options.version
 @options.verbose
diff --git a/piptools/scripts/sync.py b/piptools/scripts/sync.py
index acddf9279..b83e811cb 100755
--- a/piptools/scripts/sync.py
+++ b/piptools/scripts/sync.py
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@
 DEFAULT_REQUIREMENTS_FILE = "requirements.txt"
 
 
-@click.command(context_settings={"help_option_names": options.help_option_names})
+@click.command(
+    name="pip-sync", context_settings={"help_option_names": options.help_option_names}
+)
 @options.version
 @options.ask
 @options.dry_run
diff --git a/piptools/utils.py b/piptools/utils.py
index 70f1ee17f..e0aa37dc2 100644
--- a/piptools/utils.py
+++ b/piptools/utils.py
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ def override_defaults_from_config_file(
     ``None`` is returned if no such file is found.
 
     ``pip-tools`` will use the first config file found, searching in this order:
-    an explicitly given config file, a d``.pip-tools.toml``, a ``pyproject.toml``
+    an explicitly given config file, a ``.pip-tools.toml``, a ``pyproject.toml``
     file. Those files are searched for in the same directory as the requirements
     input file, or the current working directory if requirements come via stdin.
     """
@@ -570,10 +570,21 @@ def override_defaults_from_config_file(
     else:
         config_file = Path(value)
 
-    config = parse_config_file(ctx, config_file)
-    if config:
-        _validate_config(ctx, config)
-        _assign_config_to_cli_context(ctx, config)
+    piptools_config, pipcompile_config, pipsync_config = parse_config_file(
+        ctx, config_file
+    )
+
+    configs = [piptools_config]
+
+    if ctx.command.name == "pip-compile":
+        configs.append(pipcompile_config)
+    elif ctx.command.name == "pip-sync":
+        configs.append(pipsync_config)
+
+    for config in configs:
+        if config:
+            _validate_config(ctx, config)
+            _assign_config_to_cli_context(ctx, config)
 
     return config_file
 
@@ -688,7 +699,7 @@ def get_cli_options(ctx: click.Context) -> dict[str, click.Parameter]:
 
 def parse_config_file(
     click_context: click.Context, config_file: Path
-) -> dict[str, Any]:
+) -> tuple[dict[str, Any], ...]:
     try:
         config = tomllib.loads(config_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
     except OSError as os_err:
@@ -702,14 +713,24 @@ def parse_config_file(
             hint=f"Could not parse '{config_file !s}': {value_err !s}",
         )
 
-    # In a TOML file, we expect the config to be under `[tool.pip-tools]`
+    # In a TOML file, we expect the config to be under `[tool.pip-tools]`,
+    # `[tool.pip-compile]` or `[tool.pip-sync]`
     piptools_config: dict[str, Any] = config.get("tool", {}).get("pip-tools", {})
-    piptools_config = _normalize_keys_in_config(piptools_config)
-    piptools_config = _invert_negative_bool_options_in_config(
-        ctx=click_context,
-        config=piptools_config,
-    )
-    return piptools_config
+    pipcompile_config: dict[str, Any] = config.get("tool", {}).get("pip-compile", {})
+    pipsync_config: dict[str, Any] = config.get("tool", {}).get("pip-sync", {})
+
+    configs = []
+
+    for config in (piptools_config, pipcompile_config, pipsync_config):
+        if config:
+            config = _normalize_keys_in_config(config)
+            config = _invert_negative_bool_options_in_config(
+                ctx=click_context,
+                config=config,
+            )
+        configs.append(config)
+
+    return tuple(configs)
 
 
 def _normalize_keys_in_config(config: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 4834f4bc1..0d2c012fe 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -455,6 +455,7 @@ def _maker(
         pyproject_param: str,
         new_default: Any,
         config_file_name: str = DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE_NAMES[0],
+        section: str = "pip-tools",
     ) -> Path:
         # Create a nested directory structure if config_file_name includes directories
         config_dir = (tmpdir_cwd / config_file_name).parent
@@ -462,7 +463,7 @@ def _maker(
 
         # Make a config file with this one config default override
         config_file = tmpdir_cwd / config_file_name
-        config_to_dump = {"tool": {"pip-tools": {pyproject_param: new_default}}}
+        config_to_dump = {"tool": {section: {pyproject_param: new_default}}}
         config_file.write_text(tomli_w.dumps(config_to_dump))
         return cast(Path, config_file.relative_to(tmpdir_cwd))
 
diff --git a/tests/test_cli_compile.py b/tests/test_cli_compile.py
index d4ae901c4..3d53715a0 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli_compile.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli_compile.py
@@ -3147,3 +3147,15 @@ def test_do_not_show_warning_on_explicit_strip_extras_option(
 
     assert out.exit_code == 0
     assert strip_extras_warning not in out.stderr
+
+
+def test_tool_specific_config_option(pip_conf, runner, tmp_path, make_config_file):
+    config_file = make_config_file("dry-run", True, section="pip-compile")
+
+    req_in = tmp_path / "requirements.in"
+    req_in.touch()
+
+    out = runner.invoke(cli, [req_in.as_posix(), "--config", config_file.as_posix()])
+
+    assert out.exit_code == 0
+    assert "Dry-run, so nothing updated" in out.stderr
diff --git a/tests/test_cli_sync.py b/tests/test_cli_sync.py
index 20e9689ec..48bf12da5 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli_sync.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli_sync.py
@@ -450,3 +450,16 @@ def test_allow_in_config_pip_compile_option(run, runner, tmp_path, make_config_f
 
     assert out.exit_code == 0
     assert "Using pip-tools configuration defaults found" in out.stderr
+
+
+@mock.patch("piptools.sync.run")
+def test_tool_specific_config_option(run, runner, make_config_file):
+    config_file = make_config_file("dry-run", True, section="pip-sync")
+
+    with open(sync.DEFAULT_REQUIREMENTS_FILE, "w") as reqs_txt:
+        reqs_txt.write("six==1.10.0")
+
+    out = runner.invoke(cli, ["--config", config_file.as_posix()])
+
+    assert out.exit_code == 1
+    assert "Would install:" in out.stdout