diff --git a/mock/jogasaki/executor/process/mock/task_context.cpp b/mock/jogasaki/executor/process/mock/task_context.cpp
index 25b79632..a106305a 100644
--- a/mock/jogasaki/executor/process/mock/task_context.cpp
+++ b/mock/jogasaki/executor/process/mock/task_context.cpp
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@
 #include "task_context.h"
 
 namespace jogasaki::executor::process::mock {
-} // jogasaki::executor::process::mock
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::mock
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.cpp b/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.cpp
index 763c8761..b7e54c06 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.cpp
@@ -143,4 +143,4 @@ void aligned_buffer::dump(std::ostream& out, int indent) const noexcept{
 
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::data
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::data
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.h b/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.h
index 7f13ac1b..97f3700d 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.h
@@ -179,4 +179,4 @@ class aligned_buffer {
     void resize_internal(std::size_t sz, bool copydata);
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::data
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::data
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h
index 28dc8638..3a001f10 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h
@@ -150,4 +150,4 @@ inline bool operator!=(task_context const& a, task_context const& b) noexcept {
     return !(a == b);
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::abstract
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::abstract
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/flow.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/flow.cpp
index f5edd26a..9420286e 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/flow.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/flow.cpp
@@ -190,4 +190,4 @@ std::shared_ptr<impl::task_context> flow::create_task_context(
     return ctx;
 }
 
-}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.cpp
index 2da784c8..acdbc9a7 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.cpp
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ void bound::dump(std::ostream& out, int indent) const noexcept {
     out << indent_space << "  key_: " << *key_ << "\n";
     key_->dump(out, indent + 2);
 }
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.h
index 927784ef..c058e8ed 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.h
@@ -49,4 +49,4 @@ class bound {
     std::unique_ptr<data::aligned_buffer> key_{};
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.cpp
index e7ecfc3f..9476bee7 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.cpp
@@ -125,4 +125,4 @@ status two_encode_keys(request_context* context,
     return status::ok;
 }
 
-}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops::details
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops::details
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.h
index 87a405ea..7d4eed61 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/details/encode_key.h
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@ status two_encode_keys(
     std::size_t& elen
 );
 
-}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops::details
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops::details
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.cpp
index b177a0aa..836ee506 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/io_info.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_base.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/variable_table_info.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/io_exchange_map.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/processor_info.h>
@@ -416,4 +416,4 @@ operator_container create_operators(
     }();
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.h
index 78c1d648..ee9a6a1d 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_builder.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/executor/expr/evaluator.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/io_info.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_base.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/variable_table.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/io_exchange_map.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/processor_info.h>
@@ -153,4 +153,4 @@ class operator_builder {
     request_context* request_context = nullptr
 );
 
-}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.cpp
index 695e053c..dc739e15 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_base.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 
 namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops {
 
@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@ operator_base& operator_container::root() const noexcept {
 std::shared_ptr<impl::scan_range> const& operator_container::range() const noexcept {
     return range_;
 }
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.h
index 07f4e4a9..fd25f511 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_container.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_base.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/io_exchange_map.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 
 namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops {
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class operator_container {
 
     /**
      * @brief accessor to scan_range
-     * @return the scan_range, or nullptr if there is no scan operation in the process
+     * @return the range, or nullptr if there is no scan operation in the process
      */
     [[nodiscard]] std::shared_ptr<impl::scan_range> const& range() const noexcept;
 private:
@@ -79,4 +79,4 @@ class operator_container {
     std::shared_ptr<impl::scan_range> range_{};
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan.cpp
index bbfeabe7..2164321e 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/error_code.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/global.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/bound.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/context_container.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/index_field_mapper.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/write_existing.h>
@@ -325,4 +325,4 @@ void scan::dump() const noexcept {
     std::cerr << head << std::setw(width) << "field_mapper_:"
        << "not implemented yet" << std::endl;
 }
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.cpp
index 9d09a84b..b9f3b309 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/kvs/iterator.h>
 #include <jogasaki/transaction_context.h>
 
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.h
index 067e1355..3e8c9905 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/scan_context.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/data/aligned_buffer.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/operator_kind.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/variable_table.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/processor_info.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/step.h>
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class scan_context : public context_base {
         std::unique_ptr<kvs::storage> stg,
         std::unique_ptr<kvs::storage> secondary_stg,
         transaction_context* tx,
-        impl::scan_range const* range_,
+        impl::scan_range const* range,
         memory_resource* resource,
         memory_resource* varlen_resource
     );
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.cpp
index 5ac006d7..3b636c8a 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.cpp
@@ -96,4 +96,4 @@ ops::operator_container const& processor::operators() const noexcept {
     return operators_;
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.h
index a0d35e6c..01546fe6 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/processor.h
@@ -78,4 +78,4 @@ class processor : public process::abstract::processor {
     std::shared_ptr<relation_io_map> relation_io_map_{};
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.cpp
similarity index 89%
rename from src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.cpp
rename to src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.cpp
index f8023486..95455aec 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.cpp
@@ -16,17 +16,13 @@
 
 #include <boost/assert.hpp>
 
-#include "range.h"
+#include "scan_range.h"
 
 namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl {
 
 scan_range::scan_range(bound begin, bound end, bool is_empty) noexcept
-    : begin_(std::move(begin)), end_(std::move(end)), is_empty_(is_empty) {
-
-    BOOST_ASSERT(&begin_);
-    BOOST_ASSERT(&end_);
-}
-
+    : begin_(std::move(begin)), end_(std::move(end)), is_empty_(is_empty) {}
+scan_range::scan_range() noexcept : begin_(), end_(), is_empty_(true) {}
 [[nodiscard]] bound const& scan_range::begin() const noexcept { return begin_; }
 [[nodiscard]] bound const& scan_range::end() const noexcept { return end_; }
 [[nodiscard]] bool scan_range::is_empty() const noexcept { return is_empty_; }
@@ -39,4 +35,4 @@ void scan_range::dump(std::ostream& out, int indent) const noexcept {
     end_.dump(out, indent + 2);
     out << indent_space << "  is_empty_: " << is_empty_ << "\n";
 }
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h
similarity index 92%
rename from src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h
rename to src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h
index ab4e9102..12fd702b 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl {
 class scan_range : public abstract::range {
   public:
     explicit scan_range(bound begin, bound end, bool is_empty = true) noexcept;
-
-    ~scan_range() override                        = default;
+    scan_range() noexcept;
+    ~scan_range() override                             = default;
     scan_range(scan_range const& other)                = delete;
     scan_range& operator=(scan_range const& other)     = delete;
     scan_range(scan_range&& other) noexcept            = default;
@@ -46,4 +46,4 @@ class scan_range : public abstract::range {
     bool is_empty_;
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.cpp b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.cpp
index 6b2ae146..b4054250 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/executor/io/record_writer.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/io_exchange_map.h>
 #include <jogasaki/model/flow.h>
 #include <jogasaki/model/step_kind.h>
@@ -132,4 +132,4 @@ io::record_channel* task_context::channel() const noexcept {
     return channel_;
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.h b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.h
index e0e746f5..6f1efc94 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/executor/process/impl/task_context.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/task_context.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/abstract/work_context.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/ops/emit.h>
-#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/range.h>
+#include <jogasaki/executor/process/impl/scan_range.h>
 #include <jogasaki/executor/process/io_exchange_map.h>
 #include <jogasaki/request_context.h>
 
@@ -94,4 +94,4 @@ class task_context : public abstract::task_context {
     partition_index sink_index_{};
 };
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.cpp b/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.cpp
index 418ae9f5..8cf02719 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.cpp
+++ b/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.cpp
@@ -180,4 +180,4 @@ std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, end_point_kind kind) {
     return os;
 }
 
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::kvs
diff --git a/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.h b/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.h
index bd99ebbb..98207ba9 100644
--- a/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.h
+++ b/src/jogasaki/kvs/storage.h
@@ -263,5 +263,5 @@ end_point_kind adjust_endpoint_kind(bool use_secondary, kvs::end_point_kind endp
  * @return The output stream with the string representation appended.
  */
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, end_point_kind kind);
-}
 
+} // namespace jogasaki::kvs
diff --git a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/join_find_test.cpp b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/join_find_test.cpp
index 06375ff3..1c41e2c5 100644
--- a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/join_find_test.cpp
+++ b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/join_find_test.cpp
@@ -434,4 +434,4 @@ TEST_F(join_find_test, host_variable_with_condition_expr) {
     ctx.release();
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/scan_test.cpp b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/scan_test.cpp
index d3ae4e20..d0f7bb3d 100644
--- a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/scan_test.cpp
+++ b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/ops/scan_test.cpp
@@ -583,4 +583,4 @@ TEST_F(scan_test, host_variables) {
     ASSERT_EQ(status::ok, tx->commit());
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl::ops
diff --git a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/process_executor_test.cpp b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/process_executor_test.cpp
index 3805939c..71f142b2 100644
--- a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/process_executor_test.cpp
+++ b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/process_executor_test.cpp
@@ -147,4 +147,4 @@ TEST_F(process_executor_test, custom_factory) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(ewriter->is_released());
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
diff --git a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/processor_test.cpp b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/processor_test.cpp
index 08a210d0..b9b71492 100644
--- a/test/jogasaki/executor/process/processor_test.cpp
+++ b/test/jogasaki/executor/process/processor_test.cpp
@@ -67,4 +67,4 @@ TEST_F(processor_test, basic) {
 //    proc->run(context.get());
 }
 
-} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl
\ No newline at end of file
+} // namespace jogasaki::executor::process::impl