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<h1 class="title is-1 publication-title">
BRIGHT: A Realistic and Challenging Benchmark for Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval<br>
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<a href="https://hongjin-su.github.io/">Hongjin Su*</a><sup>1</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://howard-yen.github.io/">Howard Yen*</a><sup>2</sup>,</span>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://xiamengzhou.github.io/">Mengzhou Xia*</a><sup>2</sup>,</span>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://swj0419.github.io/">Weijia Shi</a><sup>3</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://muennighoff.github.io/">Niklas Muennighoff</a>,</span><br>
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<a href="https://openreview.net/profile?id=~Han-yu_Wang1">Han-yu Wang</a><sup>1</sup>,</span>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://openreview.net/profile?id=~Liu_Haisu1">Haisu Liu</a><sup>1</sup>,</span>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://benshi34.github.io/">Quan Shi</a><sup>2</sup>,</span>
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<a
href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=EOPTuH0AAAAJ&hl=en">Zachary S. Siegel</a><sup>2</sup>,</span>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://michaeltang.xyz/">Michael Tang</a><sup>2</sup>,</span><br>
<span class="author-block">
<a href="https://research.google/people/ruoxi-sun/">Ruoxi Sun</a><sup>4</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/jinsungyoon">Jinsung Yoon</a><sup>4</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://research.google/people/sercan-o-arik/">Sercan Ö. Arik</a><sup>4</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~danqic/">Danqi Chen</a><sup>2</sup>,</span>
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<a href="https://taoyds.github.io/">Tao Yu</a><sup>1</sup></span>
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<span class="author-block"><sup>1</sup>The University of Hong Kong,</span>
<span class="author-block"><sup>2</sup>Princeton University,</span>
<span class="author-block"><sup>3</sup>University of Washington,</span>
<span class="author-block"><sup>4</sup>Google Cloud AI Research</span>
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<h2 class="center">Why a new benchmark?</h2>
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<div class="left"> Existing retrieval benchmarks primarily consist of information-seeking queries (e.g., aggregated questions from search engines) where keyword or semantic-based retrieval is usually sufficient. However, many real-world, complex queries necessitate in-depth reasoning to identify relevant documents that go beyond surface form matching. For example, finding documentation for a coding question requires understanding the logic and syntax of the functions involved. We introduce BRIGHT to better benchmark retrieval on such challenging and realistic scenarios.
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<h2 class="center">BRIGHT</h2>
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<span style="white-space: pre-line">We introduce BRIGHT, the first text retrieval benchmark that requires intensive reasoning to retrieve relevant documents. We collect 1,385 real-world queries from diverse domains (StackExchange, LeetCode, and math competitions), sourced from naturally occurring or carefully curated human data. We pair these queries with web pages linked in StackExchange answers, tagged theorems in math Olympiad questions—all of which require deliberate reasoning to identify the connections.</span><br>
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<h2 class="center">Leaderboard submission</h2>
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<div class="left">If you would like to submit your results to the leaderboard, email the results to <a href="mailto: [email protected]">[email protected]</a>! Optionally, you are encouraged to provide the link to the open-sourced codebase. Otherwise, you may provide a short description on the used models and approaches (e.g., size of retrieval model, whether LLMs like GPT-4 or reranking are used, etc.)!
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<h2 class="center">Have Questions?</h2>
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<div class="left">Ask us questions at our <a href="https://github.com/xlang-ai/BRIGHT/issues">Github issues page</a> or contact <a href="https://hongjin-su.github.io/">Hongjin Su</a>, <a href="https://howard-yen.github.io/">Howard Yen</a>, or <a href="https://xiamengzhou.github.io/">Mengzhou Xia</a>.
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<h2>Model Performance</h2>
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<md-block>
We report the average nDCG@10 score across 12 datasets in BRIGHT. Apart from using the original query, retrievers can replace it with the LLM reasoning steps to retrieve relevant documents.
</md-block>
<table class="table performanceTable">
<tr>
<th>Rank</th>
<th>Retriever</th>
<!-- <th>Details</th>-->
<th>Score</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>1</p>
<span class="date label label-default">Aug 28, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sbrp622/papers/foundations_bm25_review.pdf">BM25</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">GPT-4</a> reasoning and top-100 reranking by <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hugging-quants/Meta-Llama-3.1-70B-Instruct-AWQ-INT4">Llama-3.1-70B</a>
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Salesforce Research (proprietary code) </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>30.4</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>2</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sbrp622/papers/foundations_bm25_review.pdf">BM25</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>26.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>3</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sbrp622/papers/foundations_bm25_review.pdf">BM25</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>26.3</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>4</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-xl">instructor-xl</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>26.2</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>5</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>25.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>6</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-xl">instructor-xl</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>25.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>7</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-xl">instructor-xl</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>25.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>8</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sbrp622/papers/foundations_bm25_review.pdf">BM25</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>25.3</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>9</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>25.0</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>10</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct">gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Alibaba </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>11</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>12</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct">gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Alibaba </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>13</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://docs.voyageai.com/embeddings/">voyage-large-2-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Voyage AI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.4</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>14</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/GritLM/GritLM-7B">GritLM-7B</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> ContextualAI, The University of Hong Kong, Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.0</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>15</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-xl">instructor-xl</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemini-pro?pli=1">Gemini-1.0-pro</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>24.0</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>16</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://www.staff.city.ac.uk/~sbrp622/papers/foundations_bm25_review.pdf">BM25</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemini-pro?pli=1">Gemini-1.0-pro</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>23.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>17</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://openai.com/blog/new-embedding-Retrievers-and-api-updates">text-embedding-3-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> OpenAI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>23.1</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>18</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct">gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Alibaba </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>23.1</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>19</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-large">instructor-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.9</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>20</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://docs.voyageai.com/embeddings/">voyage-large-2-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Voyage AI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>21</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/GritLM/GritLM-7B">GritLM-7B</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> ContextualAI, The University of Hong Kong, Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>22</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://docs.voyageai.com/embeddings/">voyage-large-2-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Voyage AI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>23</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://openai.com/blog/new-embedding-Retrievers-and-api-updates">text-embedding-3-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> OpenAI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.6</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>24</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, top-100 reranking by <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a>
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.6</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>25</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemini-pro?pli=1">Gemini-1.0-pro</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>26</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Cohere/Cohere-embed-english-v3.0">Cohere-embed-english-v3.0</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Cohere </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.3</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>27</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-large">instructor-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.3</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>28</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct">gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemini-pro?pli=1">Gemini-1.0-pro</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Alibaba </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.3</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>29</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct">gte-Qwen1.5-7B-instruct</a>
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Alibaba </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.1</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>30</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-xl">instructor-xl</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/GritLM/GritLM-7B">GritLM-7B</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.1</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>31</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://docs.voyageai.com/embeddings/">voyage-large-2-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://console.cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/publishers/google/model-garden/gemini-pro?pli=1">Gemini-1.0-pro</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Voyage AI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.1</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>32</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://openai.com/blog/new-embedding-Retrievers-and-api-updates">text-embedding-3-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> OpenAI </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>22.0</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>33</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Cohere/Cohere-embed-english-v3.0">Cohere-embed-english-v3.0</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/meta-llama/Meta-Llama-3-70B-Instruct">Llama-3-70B-Instruct</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Cohere </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.9</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>34</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/intfloat/e5-mistral-7b-instruct">e5-mistral-7b-instruct</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Microsoft </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.8</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>35</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Salesforce/SFR-Embedding-Mistral">SFR-Embedding-Mistral</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Salesforce </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.7</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>36</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/BAAI/bge-large-en-v1.5">bge-large-en-v1.5</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.6</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>37</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/hkunlp/instructor-large">instructor-large</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> The University of Hong Kong, University of Washington </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.6</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>38</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Salesforce/SFR-Embedding-Mistral">SFR-Embedding-Mistral</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Salesforce </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>39</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://huggingface.co/Cohere/Cohere-embed-english-v3.0">Cohere-embed-english-v3.0</a>, with <a class="link" href="https://www.anthropic.com/news/claude-3-family">Claude-3-Opus</a> reasoning
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Cohere </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>40</p>
<span class="date label label-default">July 11, 2024</span>
</td>
<td style="word-break:break-word;">
<a class="link" href="https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/generative-ai/docs/embeddings/get-text-embeddings#latest_Retrievers">google-gecko.text-embedding-preview-0409, dim=768</a>, top-10 reranking by <a class="link" href="https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/">gpt-4-0125-preview</a>
<p style="font-size: 15;"> <i> Google </i> </p>
</td>
<td><b>21.5</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>