diff --git a/core/src/banking_stage/consumer.rs b/core/src/banking_stage/consumer.rs
index 64b68889747633..5ef9fe39771d26 100644
--- a/core/src/banking_stage/consumer.rs
+++ b/core/src/banking_stage/consumer.rs
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ impl Consumer {
         pre_results: impl Iterator<Item = Result<(), TransactionError>>,
     ) -> ProcessTransactionBatchOutput {
         let (
-            (transaction_qos_cost_results, cost_model_throttled_transactions_count),
+            (mut transaction_qos_cost_results, cost_model_throttled_transactions_count),
             cost_model_us,
         ) = measure_us!(self.qos_service.select_and_accumulate_transaction_costs(
             bank,
@@ -479,6 +479,32 @@ impl Consumer {
             })
         ));
 
+        // Remove reserved block space for transaction failed to acquire lock
+        let unlocked_cost_results: Vec<_> = batch
+            .lock_results()
+            .iter()
+            .zip(transaction_qos_cost_results.iter_mut())
+            .map(|(lock_result, cost)| {
+                if let Err(lock_err) = lock_result {
+                    if cost.is_ok() {
+                        // set cost to lock_err, so it won't be  accidentally removed more than once
+                        let mut c = Err(lock_err.clone());
+                        std::mem::swap(cost, &mut c);
+                        return Some(c.unwrap());
+                    }
+                }
+                None
+            })
+            .collect();
+        {
+            let mut cost_tracker = bank.write_cost_tracker().unwrap();
+            unlocked_cost_results.iter().for_each(|tx_cost| {
+                if let Some(tx_cost) = tx_cost {
+                    cost_tracker.remove(tx_cost);
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
         // retryable_txs includes AccountInUse, WouldExceedMaxBlockCostLimit
         // WouldExceedMaxAccountCostLimit, WouldExceedMaxVoteCostLimit
         // and WouldExceedMaxAccountDataCostLimit
@@ -2510,4 +2536,123 @@ mod tests {
             [0, 3, 4, 5]
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_process_and_record_transactions_with_pre_results() {
+        let test_would_fit_and_lock = TestLockingAndReserving {
+            would_fit: true,
+            could_lock: true,
+            expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count: 0,
+            expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count: 1,
+            expected_committed_transactions_count: 1,
+            expected_retryable_transaction_count: 0,
+        };
+        assert_process_transactions_with_locking_and_reserving(test_would_fit_and_lock);
+
+        let test_would_fit_could_not_lock = TestLockingAndReserving {
+            would_fit: true,
+            could_lock: false,
+            expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count: 0,
+            expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count: 1,
+            expected_committed_transactions_count: 0,
+            expected_retryable_transaction_count: 1,
+        };
+        assert_process_transactions_with_locking_and_reserving(test_would_fit_could_not_lock);
+
+        let test_would_not_fit_could_lock = TestLockingAndReserving {
+            would_fit: false,
+            could_lock: true,
+            expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count: 1,
+            expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count: 1,
+            expected_committed_transactions_count: 0,
+            expected_retryable_transaction_count: 1,
+        };
+        assert_process_transactions_with_locking_and_reserving(test_would_not_fit_could_lock);
+
+        let test_would_not_fit_could_not_lock = TestLockingAndReserving {
+            would_fit: false,
+            could_lock: false,
+            expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count: 1,
+            expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count: 1,
+            expected_committed_transactions_count: 0,
+            expected_retryable_transaction_count: 1,
+        };
+        assert_process_transactions_with_locking_and_reserving(test_would_not_fit_could_not_lock);
+    }
+
+    // test setup for combined scenarios of accounts locking and block space reserving
+    struct TestLockingAndReserving {
+        // input:
+        would_fit: bool,
+        could_lock: bool,
+        // expectations
+        expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count: usize,
+        expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count: usize,
+        expected_committed_transactions_count: usize,
+        expected_retryable_transaction_count: usize,
+    }
+
+    fn assert_process_transactions_with_locking_and_reserving(test: TestLockingAndReserving) {
+        solana_logger::setup();
+        let lamports = 100_000;
+        let GenesisConfigInfo {
+            genesis_config,
+            mint_keypair,
+            ..
+        } = create_slow_genesis_config(lamports);
+
+        let bank = Bank::new_no_wallclock_throttle_for_tests(&genesis_config).0;
+        let test_txs = vec![system_transaction::transfer(
+            &mint_keypair,
+            &Pubkey::new_unique(),
+            1,
+            genesis_config.hash(),
+        )];
+
+        // setup: if transcation should fail reserving space, set block_limit small.
+        let block_limit = if test.would_fit { std::u64::MAX } else { 1 };
+        bank.write_cost_tracker()
+            .unwrap()
+            .set_limits(block_limit, std::u64::MAX, std::u64::MAX);
+
+        // setup: if transaction should fail locking, pre-lock mint_keypair with blocker_txs
+        let blocker_txs = sanitize_transactions(vec![system_transaction::transfer(
+            &mint_keypair,
+            &Pubkey::new_unique(),
+            1,
+            genesis_config.hash(),
+        )]);
+        let _blocker = if test.could_lock {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(bank.prepare_sanitized_batch(&blocker_txs))
+        };
+
+        // execute:
+        let ProcessTransactionsSummary {
+            cost_model_throttled_transactions_count,
+            transactions_attempted_execution_count,
+            committed_transactions_count,
+            retryable_transaction_indexes,
+            ..
+        } = execute_transactions_with_dummy_poh_service(bank.clone(), test_txs);
+
+        // check results:
+        assert_eq!(
+            cost_model_throttled_transactions_count,
+            test.expected_cost_model_throttled_transactions_count
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            transactions_attempted_execution_count,
+            test.expected_transactions_attempted_execution_count
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            committed_transactions_count,
+            test.expected_committed_transactions_count
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            retryable_transaction_indexes.len(),
+            test.expected_retryable_transaction_count
+        );
+    }
 }