Add error code logging utility to Core Library

[stefandebruyn]

It would be useful to have a utility for logging error codes. There are several things we might want to do with error codes:

• Log them to the state vector or an output stream
• Count them
• Latch them (i.e., raise a flag when the error is first seen, and clear the flag when it ceases)

Evaluate which of these is most useful, if not all of them. Design and implement an error logging utility. Future work may also build error logging into other Core Library components like IExecutors.