[libc][cmake] reset COMPILE_DEFINITIONS (#77810)

While trying to enable -Werror (#74506), the 32b ARM build bot reported
an
error stemming from -Wshorten-64-to-32 related to usages of `off_t`.

I failed to fix these properly in #77350 (the 32b ARM build is not a
fullbuild)
and #77396.

It turns out, the preprocessor defines `-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE` and
`-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64` were being set for llvmlibc when using the
cmake build
system. In particular, these preprocessor defines are feature test
macros used
by glibc, and which have effects no the corresponding ABI for types like
`off_t` (for instance, should `off_t` be 32b or 64b on 32b targets).

But who was setting these? Turns out that the use of
add_compile_definitions
in llvm/cmake/modules/HandleLLVMOptions.cmake was setting these (and
more),
which is then inherited by every subdirectory. While some of these
defines
maybe make sense for host builds, they do not make sense for libraries
for the
target. The full list of defines being set prior to this commit:

- `-D_GNU_SOURCE`
- `-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64`
- `-D_DEBUG`
- `-D_GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS`
- `-D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE`
- `-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64`
- `-D__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS`
- `-D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS`
- `-D__STDC_LIMIT_MACROS`

If we desire any of the above, we should manually reset them.

Fix this by resetting COMPILE_DEFINITIONS for the libc/ subdirectory.

Side note: to debug 'directory properties' in cmake, you first need to
use
`get_directory_property` to fetch the corresponding value into a
variable
first, then that variable can be printed via `message`.

Link:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Feature-Test-Macros.html#index-_005fFILE_005fOFFSET_005fBITS
Link:
https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Feature-Test-Macros.html#index-_005fFILE_005fOFFSET_005fBITS

Fixes: #77395

libc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -7,10 +7,24 @@ endif()
 include(${LLVM_COMMON_CMAKE_UTILS}/Modules/CMakePolicy.cmake
   NO_POLICY_SCOPE)
 
-# `llvm-project/llvm/CMakeLists.txt` adds the following directive
-# `include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIR} ${LLVM_MAIN_INCLUDE_DIR})`
-# We undo it to be able to precisely control what is getting included.
-set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES "")
+if (LIBC_CMAKE_VERBOSE_LOGGING)
+  get_directory_property(LIBC_OLD_PREPROCESSOR_DEFS COMPILE_DEFINITIONS)
+  foreach(OLD_DEF ${LIBC_OLD_PREPROCESSOR_DEFS})
+    message(STATUS "Undefining ${OLD_DEF}")
+  endforeach()
+endif()
+set_directory_properties(PROPERTIES
+  # `llvm-project/llvm/CMakeLists.txt` adds the following directive
+  # `include_directories( ${LLVM_INCLUDE_DIR} ${LLVM_MAIN_INCLUDE_DIR})` We
+  # undo it to be able to precisely control what is getting included.
+  INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES ""
+  # `llvm/cmake/modules/HandleLLVMOptions.cmake` uses `add_compile_definitions`
+  # to set a few preprocessor defines which we do not want.
+  COMPILE_DEFINITIONS ""
+)
+if (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+  add_definitions("-D_DEBUG")
+endif()
 
 # Default to C++17
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)