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Address pull request comments
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@tijmenbaarda
tijmenbaarda committed Aug 10, 2023
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216 changes: 145 additions & 71 deletions edpop-record-ontology.ttl
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@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix edpoprec: <https://dhstatic.hum.uu.nl/edpop-records/latest/> .

edpoprec: a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/> .
@prefix edpoprec: <https://dhstatic.hum.uu.nl/edpop-records/0.1.0-SNAPSHOT/> .

edpoprec: a owl:Ontology .

### CATALOG CLASSES

edpoprec:Catalog a rdfs:Class ;
skos:prefLabel "Catalog"@en ;
skos:description "External repository of bibliographical or biographical data" .

edpoprec:BibliographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog .
edpoprec:BiographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog .
edpoprec:BibliographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog ;
skos:prefLabel "Bibliographical catalog"@en ;
skos:description "External repository of bibliographical data" .
edpoprec:BiographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog ;
skos:preflabel "Biographical catalog"@en ;
skos:description "External repository of biographical data" .


### RECORD CLASSES

# I have been thinking if we should indeed call these classes "records", or rather something
# like "Book" or "Person". But I think it is best if we think of them as representing
# records (i.e., they represent the original records from the catalogues we take them from)
# rather than that they represent the objects these records describe.
# The Record class and its derivatives are seen as describing records,
# rather than directly describing the things that these records represent.

edpoprec:Record a rdfs:Class ;
skos:prefLabel "Record"@en ;
skos:description "Bibliographical or biographical record" .

edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty edpoprec:title ;
owl:maxCardinality 1
] .
edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record .

edpoprec:BiographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record .

Expand All @@ -53,88 +48,167 @@ edpoprec:fromCatalog a rdf:Property ;
edpoprec:identifier a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Identifier"@en ;
skos:description "Unique identifier used by the source catalog" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Catalog .
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record .

edpoprec:publicURL a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Public URL"@en ;
skos:description "Public URL in the source catalog" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Catalog .
rdfs:range xsd:anyURI .

# Original data: supposed to contain a blank record with all (relevant) original data,
# rudimentally converted into RDF, so that it will be possible to show this data in the VRE.
# Original data: supposed to contain JSON with all (relevant) original data
# rudimentally converted into JSON, so that it will be possible to show this data in the VRE.
edpoprec:originalData a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Original data"@en ;
skos:description "All data from the original catalogue record" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record .

### PROPERTIES SPECIFIC FOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS

# So far we only define string literals as ranges for these properties, but we could think
# of also allowing other classes, like our own biographical records for authors.

# The string literals are meant to be the best effort of EDPOP Explorer to give a
# somehow normalized, human-readable representation of the property, but they are not
# thesaurized and certainly not guaranteed to be the same if they are conceptually the same
# (e.g., Köln or Keulen for the city of Cologne).

# My proposal would be to use these properties that can be extracted from the original record
# in a deterministic way. That means: only string literals, and also links to other records
# if they are defined in the original catalogues (such as links to CT Thesaurus).
# Users will be able to enrich, correct and further normalize this data with annotations.
# Annotations may also be used, perhaps, for automatic non-deterministic normalizations,
# such as the place of publication as a link to Wikidata.
skos:description "All data from the original catalogue record in JSON format" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range rdf:JSON .


### THE FIELD CLASS

# A Field represents a piece of information from a catalogue record. In its basic form
# the field contains the original inforation from the catalogue and if applicable
# also a normalized version as a string literal.
# EDPOP VRE note: Fields are supposed to be able to be annotated in the EDPOP VRE.

edpoprec:Field a rdf:Class ;
skos:prefLabel "Field"@en ;
skos:description "A catalog field" .

# originalText contains the text as it literally comes from the original database.
# As we require this to be a string literal, there may be cases where the
# string has to be slightly adapted first (such as in case of a title field, where
# the original database has the title split out in title and subtitle).
edpoprec:originalText a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Original text"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Field ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# originalText is required and should appear only once:
edpoprec:Field rdfs:subClassOf [
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty edpoprec:originalText ;
owl:cardinality 1
] .

# normalizedText is a human-readable string representation of a normalization.
# In most cases the normalization will be more complex than just a string, but
# normalizedText provides a fallback if a simple way of rendering is needed in
# a user interface. normalizedText is optional.
edpoprec:normalizedText a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Normalized text"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Field ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# unknown: true if the record explicitly mentions that this information is
# not known
edpoprec:unknown a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Unknown"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Field ;
rdfs:range xsd:boolean .

# (We may also want to add some sort of a confidence property, to indicate
# the chance that a normalization is correct.)

# (A possible addition would be a property that indicates the part of the original
# record from which the information was taken.)


### FIELD SUBCLASSES

edpoprec:ContributorField rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Field ;
skos:prefLabel "Contributor field"@en .

# relation: should be one of the LoC relators or compatible. We may want to
# add another property with the original, non-normalized data.
edpoprec:relation a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Relation"@en ;
skos:description "Role of the contributor (normalized)" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:ContributorField .

# authorityRecord: link to a record that describes the contributor, such as ISNI or a national thesaurus.
# This information is sometimes available on the record.
edpoprec:authorityRecord a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Authority record"@en ;
skos:description "Link to an authority record as given in the record" .

edpoprec:DatingField rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Field ;
skos:prefLabel "Dating field"@en .

edpoprec:edtfDate a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "EDTF date"@en ;
skos:description "Normalized date in Extended Date/Time Format" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:DatingField ;
rdfs:range <http://id.loc.gov/datatypes/edtf/EDTF> .

edpoprec:LanguageField rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Field ;
skos:prefLabel "Language"@en .

edpoprec:languageCode a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Language code"@en ;
skos:description "Three-character language code according to ISO 639-3" .


### FIELDS SPECIFIC FOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS

edpoprec:title a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Title"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:range edpoprec:Field .

edpoprec:bibliographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf [
a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty edpoprec:title ;
owl:maxCardinality 1
] .

edpoprec:alternativeTitle a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Alternative title"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:range edpoprec:Field .

# Or: contributor? And how to define the role of the contributor? Perhaps a separate
# class is better. The catalogues generally describe the roles of the contributors quite
# well (author, translator, illustrator, etc.)
edpoprec:author a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Author"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
edpoprec:contributor a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Contributor"@en ;
skos:description "Author or other contributor to the work" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:ContributorField .

edpoprec:publisherOrPrinter a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Publisher or printer"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

edpoprec:placeOfPublication a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Place of publication"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# Dating has xsd:string as its range, because the date is very often not a simple year
# in the catalogues but can be anything, like [1650] for an estimation or a range like
# 1800-1914.
edpoprec:dating a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Dating"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:DatingField .

# For language, not sure which class to use. There are various IRI collections, of which
# ISO 639-3 (e.g. https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/nld) and Glottolog
# (e.g. https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mode1257) seem most attractive,
# or perhaps Wikidata. Or just the ISO 639-3 code as a literal?
edpoprec:language a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Language"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord .

edpoprec:format a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Format"@en ;
skos:description "Format or physical description" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:LanguageField .

edpoprec:extent a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Extent"@en ;
skos:description "Number of pages or other way of measuring length" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Field .

edpoprec:size a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Dimensions"@en ;
skos:description "Length in centimeters or other way of measuring size" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Field .

edpoprec:physicalDescription a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Physical description"@en ;
skos:description "Comments about the physical appearance of the described item" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Field .

# Leaving out for now: genre (a lot of variation across catalogues, but should nevertheless
# quickly be visible for VRE users), illustrations (same problem) and notes/description.

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