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Finish concept of basic ontology
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tijmenbaarda committed Aug 8, 2023
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@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
@prefix edpoprec: <https://dhstatic.hum.uu.nl/edpop-records/latest/> .

edpoprec: a owl:Ontology ;
dcterms:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/> .


### CATALOG CLASSES

edpoprec:Catalog a rdfs:Class ;
skos:prefLabel "Catalog"@en ;
skos:description "External repository of bibliographical or biographical data" .

edpoprec:BibliographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog .
edpoprec:BiographicalCatalog rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Catalog .


### RECORD CLASSES

# I have been thinking if we should indeed call these classes "records", or rather something
# like "Book" or "Person". But I think it is best if we think of them as representing
# records (i.e., they represent the original records from the catalogues we take them from)
# rather than that they represent the objects these records describe.

edpoprec:Record a rdfs:Class ;
skos:prefLabel "Record"@en ;
skos:description "Bibliographical or biographical record" .

edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record .
edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:subClassOf
[ a owl:Restriction ;
owl:onProperty edpoprec:title ;
owl:maxCardinality 1
] .

edpoprec:BiographicalRecord rdfs:subClassOf edpoprec:Record .


### COMMON PROPERTIES FOR ALL RECORDS

edpoprec:fromCatalog a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "From catalog"@en ;
skos:description "The catalog this record was originally taken from" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Catalog .

edpoprec:identifier a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Identifier"@en ;
skos:description "Unique identifier used by the source catalog" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Catalog .

edpoprec:publicURL a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Public URL"@en ;
skos:description "Public URL in the source catalog" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record ;
rdfs:range edpoprec:Catalog .

# Original data: supposed to contain a blank record with all (relevant) original data,
# rudimentally converted into RDF, so that it will be possible to show this data in the VRE.
edpoprec:originalData a rdf:Property ;
skos:prefLabel "Original data"@en ;
skos:description "All data from the original catalogue record" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:Record .

### PROPERTIES SPECIFIC FOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL RECORDS

# So far we only define string literals as ranges for these properties, but we could think
# of also allowing other classes, like our own biographical records for authors.

# The string literals are meant to be the best effort of EDPOP Explorer to give a
# somehow normalized, human-readable representation of the property, but they are not
# thesaurized and certainly not guaranteed to be the same if they are conceptually the same
# (e.g., Köln or Keulen for the city of Cologne).

# My proposal would be to use these properties that can be extracted from the original record
# in a deterministic way. That means: only string literals, and also links to other records
# if they are defined in the original catalogues (such as links to CT Thesaurus).
# Users will be able to enrich, correct and further normalize this data with annotations.
# Annotations may also be used, perhaps, for automatic non-deterministic normalizations,
# such as the place of publication as a link to Wikidata.

edpoprec:title a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Title"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

edpoprec:alternativeTitle a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Alternative title"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# Or: contributor? And how to define the role of the contributor? Perhaps a separate
# class is better. The catalogues generally describe the roles of the contributors quite
# well (author, translator, illustrator, etc.)
edpoprec:author a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Author"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

edpoprec:publisherOrPrinter a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Publisher or printer"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

edpoprec:placeOfPublication a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Place of publication"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# Dating has xsd:string as its range, because the date is very often not a simple year
# in the catalogues but can be anything, like [1650] for an estimation or a range like
# 1800-1914.
edpoprec:dating a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Dating"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# For language, not sure which class to use. There are various IRI collections, of which
# ISO 639-3 (e.g. https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/nld) and Glottolog
# (e.g. https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/mode1257) seem most attractive,
# or perhaps Wikidata. Or just the ISO 639-3 code as a literal?
edpoprec:language a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Language"@en ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord .

edpoprec:format a rdf:property ;
skos:prefLabel "Format"@en ;
skos:description "Format or physical description" ;
rdfs:domain edpoprec:BibliographicalRecord ;
rdfs:range xsd:string .

# Leaving out for now: genre (a lot of variation across catalogues, but should nevertheless
# quickly be visible for VRE users), illustrations (same problem) and notes/description.

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