fix(bash): rework atuinsh#1509 to recover from the preexec failure

In GitHub atuinsh#1509, we blocked the unintended preexec caused by the
keybinding of Atuin.  However, with that fix, the preexec event for
the intended user command is still missing.  In this patch, we try to
manually run the preexec hook when we detected the unintended preexec
(which means the missing intended preexec).

References:

atuinsh#1509
https://forum.atuin.sh/t/atuin-bash-and-ble-sh/175
atuinsh#1003 (comment)
atuinsh#1727
atuinsh#1728

atuin/src/shell/atuin.bash

@@ -17,12 +17,19 @@ export ATUIN_SESSION
 ATUIN_HISTORY_ID=""
 
 __atuin_preexec() {
+    # Workaround for old versions of bash-preexec
     if [[ ! ${BLE_ATTACHED-} ]]; then
-        # With bash-preexec, preexec may be called even for the command run by
-        # keybindings.  There is no general and robust way to detect the
-        # command for keybindings, but at least we want to exclude Atuin's
-        # keybindings.
-        [[ $BASH_COMMAND == '__atuin_history'* && $BASH_COMMAND != "$1" ]] && return 0
+        # In older versions of bash-preexec, the preexec hook may be called
+        # even for the commands run by keybindings.  There is no general and
+        # robust way to detect the command for keybindings, but at least we
+        # want to exclude Atuin's keybindings.  When the preexec hook is called
+        # for a keybinding, the preexec hook for the user command will not
+        # fire, so we instead set a fake ATUIN_HISTORY_ID here to notify
+        # __atuin_precmd of this failure.
+        if [[ $BASH_COMMAND == '__atuin_history'* && $BASH_COMMAND != "$1" ]]; then
+            ATUIN_HISTORY_ID=__bash_preexec_failure__
+            return 0
+        fi
     fi
 
     local id
@@ -36,6 +43,16 @@ __atuin_precmd() {
 
     [[ ! $ATUIN_HISTORY_ID ]] && return
 
+    # If the previous preexec hook failed, we manually call __atuin_preexec
+    if [[ $ATUIN_HISTORY_ID == __bash_preexec_failure__ ]]; then
+        # This is the command extraction code taken from bash-preexec
+        local previous_command=$(
+            export LC_ALL=C HISTTIMEFORMAT=''
+            builtin history 1 | sed '1 s/^ *[0-9][0-9]*[* ] //'
+        )
+        __atuin_preexec "$previous_command"
+    fi
+
     local duration=""
     if ((BASH_VERSINFO[0] >= 5)); then
         # We use the high-resolution duration based on EPOCHREALTIME (bash >=