cargo_build_script: Add regression test for revert #2925

[vitalybuka]

#2931 added tests for _pwd_flags, however
the test as-is passes with #2911 and #2922,
which still caused problems and reverted.
Here I introduce a test case for likely
unfixed in reverted #2925.

The test needs strictter check for cflags. As-ls
flag in cflags is a just substring search and
very weak test for abs path.

For #2917

[vitalybuka]

@krasimirgg

[vitalybuka]

@UebelAndre

[vitalybuka]

Please review @krasimirgg @UebelAndre
But to avoid conflicts with #2935 marking this as a draft.
I would appreciate if we land #2935 and I rebase this one,
and then upload refactoring to avoid code duplication,
which contained the cause of the revert.

I don't see what can go wrong with #2935, but
downstream, we are blocked on its functionality.

[krasimirgg]

Could you try to re-format the BUILD.bazel file per the Buildifier message:

##### :bazel: buildifier: found 1 format issue in your WORKSPACE, BUILD and *.bzl files
--
  | 2024-10-16 12:43:50 CEST | If this repo uses a pre-commit hook, then you should install it. Otherwise, please download <a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/buildtools/releases/tag/v7.3.1">buildifier 7.3.1</a> and run the following command in your workspace:<br/><pre><code>buildifier test/cargo_build_script/cc_args_and_env/BUILD.bazel</code></pre>