feat(balance): throwing weapons sanity-checking

[chaosvolt]

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Purpose of change

followup of #5088.

Scarf said to just PR this as a draft to look at. WIP because this fucking nonsense is producing wildly different results despite seemingly near-identical input:

Also the item.cpp version of the function is fucking up and adding the weight of the weapon the ammo is loaded into, but we're not even remotely close to fixing that fuckery just yet.

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[chaosvolt]

So, throwing rocks at 12 in stats and 10 throwing skill deals about 12 damage prior to this change, and about 19 with the change. I'm trying to figure out where I bungled the math in the process of writing this.

[chaosvolt]

Oh no. This is with 8 in all stats and zero skills.

So all those fixes have since made the math even more wrong that they were before, this used to be 6+16.

[chaosvolt]

Okay, tests pass after giving it a second look, and new testing done:

In build 2024-09-30:
* Rock, no skill, 8 in stats: Throwing range 16 tiles, damage 8-10.
* Rock, 10 skills, 12 in stats: Throwing range 24 tiles, damage 15-17.
* Iron javelin, no skill, 8 in stats: Throwing range 7 tiles, damage 23-26.
* Iron javelin, 10 skills, 12 in stats: Throwing range 11 tiles, damage 36-43.

Current damage ranges seen, tested by tossing at a debug monster:
* Rock, no skill, 8 in stats: Throwing range 16 tiles, damage 8-10.
* Rock, 10 skills, 12 in stats: Throwing range 24 tiles, damage 15-17.
* Iron javelin, no skill, 8 in stats: Throwing range 7 tiles, damage 23-27.
* Iron javelin, 10 skills, 12 in stats: Throwing range 11 tiles, damage 36-43.

Sling claims the throwing damage bonus is actually:
* No skill, 8 in stats: 24 (16 expected)
* 10 skills, 12 in stats: 30 (23 expected)

So it seems Scarf did succeed in fixing the damage values, it's just the UI is displaying them very wrongly for some reason.