arch: Add aarch64 support #205

retrage · 2022-11-01T15:25:01Z

This PR proposes introducing an initial aarch64 support (#198) for aarch64/KVM Cloud Hypervisor.

~~NOTE: This is a draft PR. It is not ready for review. The main blocking issue is that the changes in commit a2a986f leads to fail existing CI tests. I need to fix the breaking changes.~~

retrage · 2022-11-20T15:37:34Z

I mark this PR as ready for review as I added aarch64 support to some basic tests and CI builds.
There are several remaining tasks as tracked in issue #198:

~~The unit tests are not enabled for aarch64 in GitHub Actions because GitHub hosted runner is x86_64 only.~~ Added to Jenkins CI (907c346).
The integration tests are not implemented for aarch64 yet. I tested this aarch64 support with Ubuntu Bionic cloud image, but it needs another effort to add to integration tests because the network config seems to be different from the x86_64 image.

michael2012z · 2022-11-21T01:03:53Z

For the unit test and integration test, is it possible to deploy them to the AArch64 server that is carrying the CI of the Cloud hypervisor repo?
I know nothing about Jenkins. It would be good if we can use that server for both repos.

retrage · 2022-11-21T15:34:35Z

Thank you for your comment. I added the unit tests to Jenkins CI (907c346).

MrXinWang

Hi @retrage, this is such a great work! Thank you very much for introducing this :)

I quickly went through the series and have two questions. Will have a more detailed review later.

src/fdt.rs

Cargo.toml

michael2012z · 2022-11-22T12:43:54Z

The READMD.md doc should be updated as well to cover the test instructions on AArch64.

src/arch/aarch64/ram64.s

retrage · 2022-11-25T10:29:37Z

Let me explain the entry code to answer #205 (comment) and #205 (comment).
The head of the entry code is compatible with a Linux kernel image [1]. Some magic numbers comes from the spec. The hypervisor first tries to load the given image as a PE image [3] if valid magic number found [4].

I need to explain the magic instruction:

  add x13, x18, #0x16   /* code0 */

The assembler encodes this instruction to MZ, which is the magic number of a PE binary [2]. (The output binary format is raw.) This magic instruction is just to be loaded as a PE binary. This trick seems to be widely used by aarch64 kernels such as Linux [5].

Anyway, I'll add source code comments to give contexts.

[1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/arm64/booting.txt
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Executable
[3] https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/e23f4e0783eb10d99ff3b3063a1f7a1de20e61d1/vmm/src/vm.rs#L918
[4] https://github.com/rust-vmm/linux-loader/blob/8a6eed8556987a46e95f2dfdf6fdb93a05ee457c/src/loader/aarch64/pe/mod.rs#L130
[5] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/08ad43d554bacb9769c6a69d5f771f02f5ba411c/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-header.S#L17

`E820Entry` is used in `boot::Info` trait, which is x86_64-dependent memory entry data structure. It's confusing if e820 is used in other architectures. This commit introduces an architecture-independent memory entry `bootinfo::MemoryEntry` and replaces `boot::Info` with `bootinfo::Info`. This change is suggested in [1]. [1] cloud-hypervisor#205 (comment) Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

`E820Entry` is used in `boot::Info` trait, which is x86_64-dependent memory entry data structure. It's confusing if e820 is used in other architectures. This commit introduces an architecture-independent memory entry `bootinfo::MemoryEntry` and replaces `boot::Info` with `bootinfo::Info`. This change is suggested in [1]. [1] #205 (comment) Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

rbradford · 2022-12-04T10:24:33Z

The integration tests are not implemented for aarch64 yet. I tested this aarch64 support with Ubuntu Bionic cloud image, but it needs another effort to add to integration tests because the network config seems to be different from the x86_64 image.

@retrage. Great work! Could you elaborate on this so we can get this included?

andre-richter · 2022-12-31T10:40:16Z

aarch64-unknown-none.ld

+  code_start = .;
+  .text.boot  : { *(.text.boot)        }
+  .text       : { *(.text .text.*)     }
+  . = ALIGN(4K);


Suggested change

. = ALIGN(4K);

. = ALIGN(64K);

Paging and TTable code assumes 64KiB pages, but you are aligning to 4KiB here (rest of file as well)

This commit adds initial support for aarch64 build. The goal is to boot Linux with this firmware on aarch64 Cloud Hypervisor. This commit includes a bootstrap assembly and build configs for building a binary that complies the Linux kernel image format [1]. It also includes some stub code to make the aarch64 target buildable with minimal changes. The later commits will implement the code. The current `pe::tests::test_loader` test uses an x86_64 specific disk image. We need to provide aarch64 specific target for the test. [1] https://docs.kernel.org/arm64/booting.html#call-the-kernel-image Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit adds initial paging support for aarch64. This implementation creates identity mapping translation tables for Cloud Hypervisor. The most of paging implementation is based on [1]. It also introduces use of `asm_const` to parameterize FDT base address and stack base address. [1] https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-raspberrypi-OS-tutorials/tree/master/10_virtual_mem_part1_identity_mapping Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit introduces `fdt::StartInfo` to boot using device info from FDT. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit implements aarch64 specific UART device PL011 driver. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit implements aarch64 specific RTC device PL031 driver. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit implements aarch64 specific `rust64_start()` to enable aarch64 boot. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit adds aarch64 support to containerized build and test. The integration tests are not yet supported for aarch64. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

This commit introduces matrix to add the aarch64 target. The unit tests are disabled for aarch64 target because default GitHub Actions runners are x86_64 only. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

NOTE: Because docker pull fallbacks to linux/amd64 even if explicitly specify image platform when linux/arm64 image not found, the unit tests will fail. To avoid this, `--local` option is added to build local container image. This option should be removed after linux/arm64 container image is pushed to the registry. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

rbradford

lgtm from me but I would like to hear review from one of the ARM folks. Also we need to get the integration testing in so this good work doesn't get accidentally broken!

michael2012z · 2023-01-17T12:36:09Z

@jongwu , @MrXinWang and me also reviewed and discussed about the code. No more comments from us.

rbradford · 2023-01-17T13:08:50Z

@retrage Please merge when you're ready.

MrXinWang

As @michael2012z said. No more comment from my side. Thanks for the effort!

retrage · 2023-01-22T06:14:57Z

Thank you for your approval. Although there is a lot of room for improvement, but I would like to merge this PR so far.

I'll keep #198 updated to track remaining issues for aarch64. As for integration testing, I'm still working on getting other disk images other than the custom Ubuntu 18.04 image to work so that we can run integration tests just like x86_64.

retrage mentioned this pull request Nov 1, 2022

aarch64 Support #198

Open

9 tasks

retrage force-pushed the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch 4 times, most recently from 8628f53 to 568ed71 Compare November 4, 2022 09:29

retrage force-pushed the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch 3 times, most recently from 7ee0cf2 to edeabe7 Compare November 20, 2022 14:16

retrage marked this pull request as ready for review November 20, 2022 15:37

retrage requested a review from rbradford November 20, 2022 15:37

retrage force-pushed the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch 2 times, most recently from 3b65650 to 907c346 Compare November 21, 2022 13:35

MrXinWang reviewed Nov 22, 2022

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jongwu reviewed Nov 23, 2022

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jongwu reviewed Nov 23, 2022

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retrage mentioned this pull request Nov 27, 2022

bootinfo: Add architecture-independent memory entry #212

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retrage force-pushed the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch 2 times, most recently from 8b83669 to b84a04b Compare December 3, 2022 06:35

andre-richter reviewed Dec 31, 2022

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retrage added 14 commits January 15, 2023 11:25

fdt: Add support for booting using FDT info

c63bced

This commit introduces `fdt::StartInfo` to boot using device info from FDT. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

delay: Add arch-dependent instruction calls for aarch64

95f36f5

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

serial: Add aarch64 PrimeCell UART (PL011) support

cae6821

This commit implements aarch64 specific UART device PL011 driver. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

rtc: Add aarch64 PrimeCell RTC (PL031) support

016ec3e

This commit implements aarch64 specific RTC device PL031 driver. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

pci: Implement ECAM-based PCI config access for aarch64

418d940

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

arch/aarch64: Add MEM_LAYOUT for aarch64

3f42e05

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

build: Implement startup function for aarch64

f520b34

This commit implements aarch64 specific `rust64_start()` to enable aarch64 boot. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

scripts: Remove unused option --dev

d77c2bb

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

scripts: Add option to use local container image

9e23fbe

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

resources: Add aarch64 support to Dockerfile

2324ce7

Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

scripts: Add aarch64 support to containerized build

dcddbcb

This commit adds aarch64 support to containerized build and test. The integration tests are not yet supported for aarch64. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

build: Add aarch64 target to GitHub Actions build

bc1745a

This commit introduces matrix to add the aarch64 target. The unit tests are disabled for aarch64 target because default GitHub Actions runners are x86_64 only. Signed-off-by: Akira Moroo <[email protected]>

retrage force-pushed the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch from b84a04b to 9b21de0 Compare January 15, 2023 02:26

rbradford approved these changes Jan 17, 2023

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michael2012z approved these changes Jan 17, 2023

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MrXinWang approved these changes Jan 17, 2023

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retrage merged commit 8feecb9 into cloud-hypervisor:main Jan 22, 2023

retrage deleted the aarch64-ch-support-clean-v2 branch January 22, 2023 06:15

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arch: Add aarch64 support #205

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arch: Add aarch64 support #205

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