NAME
    EAV::XS - Email Address Validator

SYNOPSIS
        use EAV::XS;

        my $eav = EAV::XS->new();

        if ($eav->is_email ('[email protected]')) {
            print "This is a valid email address.\n";
        } else {
            printf "The email address is not valid: %s\n",
                    $eav->get_error();
        }

DESCRIPTION
    The purpose of this module is a validation of the specified Email
    Address <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address>.

    The core part of the module is written in C and can be found in the
    libeav directory.

    The module conforms to:

    *   RFC 822 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822> - allows control
        characters.

    *   RFC 5321 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5321> - does not allow any
        control characters.

    *   RFC 5322 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322> - allows some control
        characters and not allows SPACE and TAB characters without
        quoted-pairs.

    *   RFC 6531 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531> - allows
        Internationalized Email Addresses encoded in UTF-8. See also RFC
        3629 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3629>. The RFC 6531 is based on
        the rules of the RFC 5321.

    You may change the behavior of the RFC 6531 mode when building the
    module and enable support of the RFC 20
    <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc20> and RFC 5322
    <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322>. By default, neither RFC 5322 nor
    RFC 20 is enabled.

    The RFC 20 disallows the next characters within local-part: "`", "#",
    "^", "{", "}", "~" and "|". They must be in double-quotes.

    The default behavior of the module also includes the check of:

    *   Special and Reserved domains as mentioned in RFC 6761
        <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6761>

    *   FQDN - if the domain contains only alias and it is not a special or
        reserved domain, then the result is negative, that is, such an email
        address is considered as invalid.

    *   TLD - the module checks that domain is a Top Level Domain (TLD). The
        list of TLDs has been taken from IANA's Root Zone Database
        <https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db>. See the "TLD INFORMATION"
        section below for details.

DEPENDENCIES
    You have to install one of IDN libraries on your choice:

    *   libidn2 <https://github.com/libidn/libidn2>

    *   libidn <https://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/>

    *   libidnkit <https://jprs.co.jp/idn/index-e.html>

    When run Makefile.PL, you will be asked to configure EAV::XS and at this
    stage you may select the IDN library to build with.

    Makefile.PL requirements:

    *   ExtUtils::MakeMaker 5.62 or newer

    *   ExtUtils::PkgConfig 1.16 or newer

  INSTALLING DEPENDENCIES
    On Debian 10+, Ubuntu:

        # libidn2 (recommended)
        sudo apt-get install libidn2-dev

        # libidn (only if you really need it or there is no libidn2)
        sudo apt-get install libidn11-dev

        # If in doubt, try search by keyword libidn
        # or idn on other systems.
        #
        # Then try to install XYZ-dev package, where XYZ
        # is libidn2 or libidn2-0 or similar package name.
        apt-cache search libidn

    To install idnkit, download latest release of idnkit2. Unpack it, then
    build and install:

        tar xjvf idnkit-2.3.tar.bz2
        cd idnkit-2.3
        ./configure
        make
        sudo make install

    By default idnkit2 will be installed in the /usr/local directory. You
    may change it by defining prefix at configure stage, for instance:

        ./configure --prefix=$HOME/local
        make
        make install

    Please, see documentation of idnkit for details.

METHODS
    *   $eav = new ( [%options] )

        Creates a new EAV::XS object, if something goes wrong a message will
        be thrown via croak().

        Possible options includes:

        *   rfc - use this RFC specification. Possible values are: *RFC822*,
            *RFC5321*, *RFC5322* or *RFC6531*. Default is *RFC6531*.

        *   tld_check - enable or disable TLD check. Also, this controls
            FQDN check. Enabled by default.

        *   allow_tld - list of TLD types which considered be good. You have
            to specify this list via logical OR ("|"). Information about
            possible values described below in section "TLD INFORMATION".

            Default value is: *TLD_COUNTRY_CODE* | *TLD_GENERIC* |
            *TLD_GENERIC_RESTRICTED* | *TLD_INFRASTRUCTURE* |
            *TLD_SPONSORED* | *TLD_SPECIAL*.

    *   setup (%options)

        Updates options, see description above.

    *   $yes_no = is_email ( $email )

        Validates the specified email. Returns true if the email is valid,
        otherwise returns false.

    *   $error_message = get_error ()

        Returns an error message for the last email address tested by
        is_email() method.

    *   $lpart = get_lpart ()

        Returns local-part of the email *after* the is_email method call. If
        the email address is invalid, then get_lpart returns nothing.

    *   $domain = get_domain ()

        Returns domain-part of the email *after* the is_email method call.
        If the email address is invalid, then get_domain returns nothing.
        The returned value $domain could be an IPv4 address either IPv6 one,
        depending on the specified email address passed to is_email ().

    *   $bool = get_is_ipv4 ()

        Returns whether or not the domain-part of the email contains an IPv4
        address, *after* the is_email method call. If the email address is
        invalid, then get_is_ipv4 returns false.

    *   $bool = get_is_ipv6 ()

        Returns whether or not the domain-part of the email contains an IPv6
        address, *after* the is_email method call. If the email address is
        invalid, then get_is_ipv6 returns false.

    *   $bool = get_is_domain ()

        Returns whether or not the domain-part of the email contains an
        domain name, *after* the is_email method call. If the email address
        is invalid, then get_is_domain returns false.

    *   $tld_type = get_tld_type ()

        Returns TLD type of the email *after* the is_email method call. If
        the email address is invalid or an error has been occured, then
        get_tld_type returns the "EAV::XS::TLD_INVALID" value.

        The TLD type is a value that you pass as the "allow_tld" option to
        new method. For instance, you may compare the return value of the
        get_tld_type method with the value
        "EAV::XS::TLD_GENERIC_RESTRICTED".

        The list of TLD types may be found in the "TLD INFORMATION" section.

  TLD INFORMATION
    The current list of all TLDs can be found on IANA Root Zone Database
    <https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db> website.

    The allow_tld option accepts the next values:

    *   TLD_NOT_ASSIGNED - allow not assigned TLDs. On IANA website they are
        listed as "Not assigned" in the "TLD Manager" field.

    *   TLD_COUNTRY_CODE - allow country-code TLDs.

    *   TLD_GENERIC - allow generic TLDs.

    *   TLD_GENERIC_RESTRICTED - allow generic-restricted TLDs.

    *   TLD_INFRASTRUCTURE - allow infrastructure TLDs.

    *   TLD_SPONSORED - allow sponsored TLDs.

    *   TLD_RETIRED - allow retired TLDs. On IANA website they are listed as
        "Retired" in the "TLD Manager" field.

    *   TLD_TEST - allow test TLDs.

    *   TLD_SPECIAL - allow Special & Restricted TLDs. See RFC 2606
        <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2606>, RFC 6761
        <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6761> and RFC 7686
        <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7686> for details. Currently, this
        includes the next TLDs: "test.", "invalid.", "localhost.",
        "example.", "onion." and also Second Level Domains, such as,
        "example.com.", "example.net." and "example.org.".

    *   TLD_ALL - all flags above OR'ed:

          TLD_ALL = TLD_NOT_ASSIGNED |
                    TLD_COUNTRY_CODE |
                    TLD_GENERIC |
                    TLD_GENERIC_RESTRICTED |
                    TLD_INFRASTRUCTURE |
                    TLD_SPONSORED |
                    TLD_TEST |
                    TLD_SPECIAL |
                    TLD_RETIRED

    For instance, to allow only country-code and generic TLDs you have to
    write this:

        my $eav = EAV::XS->new(
            allow_tld => EAV::XS::TLD_COUNTRY_CODE | EAV::XS::TLD_GENERIC
        );

        if (not $eav->is_email ('[email protected]')) {
            print ".biz is generic-restricted TLD and not allowed.\n";
        }

SEE ALSO
    References:

    *   RFC 20 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc20>

    *   RFC 822 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822>

    *   RFC 5321 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5321>

    *   RFC 5322 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322>

    *   RFC 6530 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6530>

    *   RFC 6531 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6531>

    Other implementations:

    *   Email::Valid

    *   String::Validator::Email

    *   Data::Validate::Email

    *   Email::Address

    *   Email::IsEmail

AUTHOR
    Vitaliy V. Tokarev, <[email protected]>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
    Copyright (c) 2017 Vitaliy V. Tokarev

    All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
    met:

    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
    IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
    TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
    PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
    HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
    SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
    TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
    PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
    NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
    SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

AVAILABILITY
    You can obtain the latest version from
    <https://github.com/gh0stwizard/p5-EAV-XS/>.