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publish: Memfault esp component article (#529)
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### Summary

 We have a new article about creating Memfault's new ESP component 🥳

 ### Test Plan

  - [x] Check the article in the preview
  - [x] Validate links and images

---------

Co-authored-by: Noah Pendleton <[email protected]>
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gminn and noahp authored Oct 24, 2024
1 parent 910f1d8 commit f677759
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion _data/authors.yml
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Expand Up @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ noah:
github: noahp
blurb:
is an embedded software engineer at Memfault. Noah previously worked on
embedded software teams at Fitbit and Markforged
embedded software teams at Fitbit and Markforged.
shiva:
name: Shiva Rajagopal
email: [email protected]
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Expand Up @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ title: Publishing the Memfault SDK as an ESP-IDF Component
description: How we shipped our SDK as an ESP-IDF component
author: noah
tags: [ci, memfault, esp32, esp-idf, github-actions]
image: /img/memfault-esp-component/esp-registry-page.png
---

<!-- excerpt start -->
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ A little over 2 years ago, in 2022, Espressif introduced the
[ESP Component Registry](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-guides/tools/idf-component-manager.html),
to streamline sharing and reusing public components.

Initially it was used mostly for breaking up the ESP-IDF itself into smaller
Initially, it was used for breaking up the ESP-IDF itself into smaller
components, but it has since grown to include a
[variety of third-party components](https://components.espressif.com). This is a
great way to share code and make it easier to integrate into your projects.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -82,14 +83,14 @@ platforms (looking at you, Eclipse-based IDEs... 😁).

<video autoplay loop src="/img/esp-component/zissou.webm" alt="Steve Zissou: let me tell you about my boat GIF"></video>

ESP-IDF's build system is based on CMake, and has a LOT of features and options.
ESP-IDF's build system is based on CMake and has a LOT of features and options.

The manual is here if you're interested in going on a deep dive:

- [ESP-IDF CMake Build System](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-guides/build-system.html)

From our perspective, there's essentially 4 steps that happen when you build an
ESP-IDF based project[^1] (names are my own):
From our perspective, there are essentially 4 steps that happen when you build
an ESP-IDF-based project[^1] (names are my own):

![Picture of 4 steps of esp-idf build system](/img/esp-component/idf.py-build-system.excalidraw.svg)

Expand All @@ -115,15 +116,15 @@ Note that we're using `register_component()` here, instead of the modern
because we need to support older versions of ESP-IDF. More about that later!

Otherwise, our SDK component is pretty standard- we have a `CMakeLists.txt` file
and `Kconfig` file that define the SDK's build and configuration settings. Take
a look here if you're curious:
and a `Kconfig` file that define the SDK's build and configuration settings.
Take a look here if you're curious:

- [CMakeLists.txt](https://github.com/memfault/memfault-firmware-sdk/blob/master/ports/esp_idf/memfault/CMakeLists.txt)
- [Kconfig](https://github.com/memfault/memfault-firmware-sdk/blob/master/ports/esp_idf/memfault/Kconfig)

### What we need to do to make this a component

ESP Component Registry-enabled components have the follow properties:
ESP Component Registry-enabled components have the following properties:

- Root-level `idf_component.yml` manifest
- Root-level `CMakeLists.txt` and `Kconfig` files
Expand All @@ -132,16 +133,16 @@ ESP Component Registry-enabled components have the follow properties:
We have essentially 2 options when it comes to making our SDK an ESP-IDF
component:

1. **Reorganize our SDK to put the ESP port at the root, and the core files
under `src`, etc**:
1. **Reorganize our SDK to put the ESP port at the root and the core files under
`src`, etc**:
- This is the simplest option, but it requires changing the Memfault SDK's
folder structure
1. **Use a `CMakeLists.txt` file in the SDK's root folder to include the SDK
folder**:
- This is more complex, but it allows us to keep the SDK's folder structure
as-is

We'll go with option #2, because it's simpler to keep the ESP Component version
We'll go with option #2 because it's simpler to keep the ESP Component version
of our SDK as close as possible to the upstream version (mostly, less confusing
for us, the maintainers!).

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -182,8 +183,8 @@ The first step is to create the required root-level files:
similarly to the `CMakeLists.txt`:

```configuration
# If the repo is being used as an ESP-IDF component, bring in the ESP-IDF specific
# Kconfig file. Otherwise this should be unused.
# If the repo is being used as an ESP-IDF component, bring in the ESP-IDF-specific
# Kconfig file. Otherwise, this should be unused.
if IDF_TARGET != ""
rsource "ports/esp_idf/memfault/Kconfig"
endif
Expand All @@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ dependencies:
```

One nuance here- the component name specified must exactly match the enclosing
folder name, or the build will fail.
folder name or the build will fail.

Memfault uses a monorepo for our development, where the Memfault Firmware SDK is
located in a subfolder at `sdk/embedded`. To make it easy to test the component
Expand All @@ -215,10 +216,11 @@ change, we'll create a bind mount with the correct name
component build without needing to copy files around:

```bash
mkdir /tmp/memfault-firmware-sdk && sudo mount --bind /path/to/memfault-monorepo/sdk/embedded /tmp/memfault-firmware-sdk
mkdir /tmp/memfault-firmware-sdk && \
sudo mount --bind /path/to/memfault-monorepo/sdk/embedded /tmp/memfault-firmware-sdk
```

Now we can update our sample ESP32 app to use the Memfault SDK from the
Now, we can update our sample ESP32 app to use the Memfault SDK from the
filesystem as a component:

```yaml
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -248,7 +250,7 @@ our changes work as expected 🎉!

Let's use the ESP component tooling to package up our component for upload to
the ESP Component Registry. Modern ESP-IDF development environments come with
the `compote` Python tool pre-installed, otherwise it can be installed with
the `compote` Python tool pre-installed. Otherwise, it can be installed with
`pip install idf-component-manager` to a Python environment.

```bash
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -333,15 +335,15 @@ We take a couple of strategies to ensure this:

## Summary

It's a pretty dry topic, but always interesting to learn about a new software
packaging system!
It's a pretty dry topic, but it is always interesting to learn about a new
software packaging system!

Some of the techniques apply to other build systems, especially the overall
methodology:

1. identify and make the changes
2. test (focus on an efficient test strategy!)
3. automate the verification and distribution process
1. Identify and make the changes
1. Test (focus on an efficient test strategy!)
1. Automate the verification and distribution process

It was a fun project to work on, and I'm excited to see the Memfault SDK
available as an ESP-IDF component; we love making it simpler to integrate
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