gh-107077: Raise SSLCertVerificationError even if the error is set via SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL #82985

Job	Run time
Check for source changes	11s
Windows (x64)	31m 32s
Windows (x86)	31m 45s
macOS	18m 56s
Ubuntu	16m 45s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (1.1.1u)	5m 24s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (3.0.9)	7m 6s
Ubuntu SSL tests with OpenSSL (3.1.1)	5m 7s
Check if generated files are up to date	6m 40s
Address sanitizer	22m 16s
Hypothesis tests on Ubuntu	14m 22s
Docs / Docs	2m 45s
Docs / Doctest	10m 53s
Docs / Docs (Oldest Sphinx)	2m 9s
All required checks pass	2s
	2h 55m 53s

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