Cadence

A rhythm analysis toolkit, gathering multiple parsing engines:

• Prosodic for fast English and Finnish metrical scansion.
  • Cadence now uses its own metrical parser, a rewritten version of Prosodic's.
• Stanza for syntactic parsing.
• MetricalTree for sentence rhythm/phrasal stress assignment based on Stanza's syntactic parses.

Quickstart

Install

1. Install python package

# install from pypi
pip install -U cadences    # "cadence" was taken :-/

# or from github very latest
pip install -U git+https://github.com/quadrismegistus/cadence

2. Insteall espeak (TTS)

Install espeak, free TTS software, to 'sound out' unknown words. See here for all downloads.

• On Linux, type into the terminal: apt-get install espeak

• On Mac:

  • Install homebrew if not already installed.

  • Type into the Terminal app: brew install espeak

• On Windows: Download and install from http://espeak.sourceforge.net/download.html.

Load cadence

# this should work following installation
import cadence as cd

Load texts

# verse
sonnetXIV = """
How can I then return in happy plight,
That am debarred the benefit of rest?
When day’s oppression is not eased by night,
But day by night and night by day oppressed,
And each, though enemies to either’s reign,
Do in consent shake hands to torture me,
The one by toil, the other to complain
How far I toil, still farther off from thee.
I tell the day, to please him thou art bright,
And dost him grace when clouds do blot the heaven:
So flatter I the swart-complexiond night,
When sparkling stars twire not thou gildst the even.
But day doth daily draw my sorrows longer,
And night doth nightly make grief’s length seem stronger.
"""

# prose
melville="""Is it that by its indefiniteness it shadows forth the
heartless voids and immensities of the universe, and thus stabs us
from behind with the thought of annihilation, when beholding
the white depths of the milky way? Or is it, that as in
essence whiteness is not so much a colour as the visible absence
of colour; and at the same time the concrete of all colours;
is it for these reasons that there is such a dumb blankness,
full of meaning, in a wide landscape of snows: a colourless,
all-colour of atheism from which we shrink?"""

# These are identical
sonnet = cd.Verse(sonnetXIV)
sonnet = cd.Text(sonnetXIV, linebreaks=True, phrasebreaks=False)

# So are these
prose = cd.Prose(melville)
prose = cd.Text(melville, linebreaks=False, phrasebreaks=True)

Available features

# Tokenize
sonnet.words()

						word_ispunc
para_i	sent_i	sentpart_i	line_i	word_i	word_str
1	1	1	1	1	How	0
				2	can	0
				3	I	0
				4	then	0
				5	return	0
	...	...	...	...	...	...
	4	17	14	15	grief's	0
				16	length	0
				17	seem	0
				18	stronger	0
				19	.	1

135 rows × 1 columns

# Syllabify
sonnet.sylls()

														prom_strength	prom_stress	prom_weight	word_isfunc	word_ispunc	word_nsyll
para_i	sent_i	sentpart_i	line_i	word_i	word_str	word_tok	word_ipa_i	word_ipa	syll_i	syll_str	syll_ipa	syll_stress	syll_weight
1	1	1	1	1	How	how	1	haʊ	1	How	haʊ	U	H	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0	1
				2	can	can	1	kæn	1	can	kæn	U	H	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0	1
				3	I	i	1	'aɪ	1	I	'aɪ	P	H	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0	0	1
							2	aɪ	1	I	aɪ	U	H	0.0	0.0	1.0	1.0	0	1
				4	then	then	1	'ðɛn	1	then	'ðɛn	P	H	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0	0	1
	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
	4	17	14	16	length	length	1	'lɛŋkθ	1	length	'lɛŋkθ	P	H	NaN	1.0	1.0	0.0	0	1
				17	seem	seem	1	'siːm	1	seem	'siːm	P	H	NaN	1.0	1.0	0.0	0	1
				18	stronger	stronger	1	'strɔːŋ.ɛː	1	stron	'strɔːŋ	P	H	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.0	0	2
									2	ger	ɛː	U	L	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	2
				19	.		0		0	.		NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	1	0

186 rows × 6 columns

# Syntax-parse
sonnet.syntax()

				dep_head	dep_type	pos_case	pos_definite	pos_degree	pos_gender	pos_mood	pos_number	pos_person	pos_polarity	pos_poss	pos_prontype	pos_tense	pos_upos	pos_verbform	pos_voice	pos_xpos	word_depth
para_i	sent_i	word_i	word_str
1	1	1	How	5	advmod										Int		ADV			WRB	4
		2	can	5	aux												AUX	Fin		MD	4
		3	I	5	nsubj	Nom					Sing	1			Prs		PRON			PRP	5
		4	then	5	advmod										Dem		ADV			RB	5
		5	return	0	root												VERB	Inf		VB	5
	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
	4	15	grief's	16	compound						Plur						NOUN			NNS	8
		16	length	14	obj						Sing						NOUN			NN	8
		17	seem	14	xcomp												VERB	Inf		VB	10
		18	stronger	17	xcomp			Cmp									ADJ			JJR	12
		19	.	5	punct												PUNCT			.	3

135 rows × 18 columns

Sentence-level information from MetricalTree

# Show sentences
sentence = sonnet.sent(1)
sentence.mtree()

# Show sentence tree for prose
prose.sent(1).mtree()

# Stress grid of sentence inferred from syntactic tree
sentence.grid()

Metrical parsing

# Parse lines (verse)
sonnet.parse()

How can I then return in happy plight,

That am debarred the benefit of rest?

When day's oppression is not eased by night,

But day by night and night by day oppressed,

And each, though enemies to either's reign,

Do in consent shake hands to torture me,

The one by toil, the other to complain

How far I toil, still farther off from thee.

I tell the day, to please him thou art bright,

And dost him grace when clouds do blot the heaven:

So flatter I the swart- complexiond night,

When sparkling stars twire not thou gildst the even.

But day doth daily draw my sorrows longer,

And night doth nightly make grief's length seem stronger.

																								*total	*s_unstressed	*unres_across	*unres_within	*w_peak	*w_stressed	dep_head	dep_type	mtree_ishead	num_parses	pos_case	pos_definite	pos_degree	pos_gender	pos_mood	pos_number	pos_person	pos_polarity	pos_poss	pos_prontype	pos_tense	pos_upos	pos_verbform	pos_voice	pos_xpos	prom_lstress	prom_pstrength	prom_pstress	prom_strength	prom_stress	prom_tstress	prom_weight	word_depth	word_isfunc	word_ispunc	word_nsyll
para_i	unit_i	parse_rank	is_troch	parse_i	parse	parse_str	sent_i	sentpart_i	line_i	combo_i	slot_i	slot_meter	syll_str_parse	word_i	word_str	word_tok	word_ipa_i	word_ipa	syll_i	syll_str	syll_ipa	syll_stress	syll_weight
1	1	1	0	1	wwSSwSwSwS	𝖧𝗈𝗐 𝖼𝖺𝗇 𝗜 𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙣 𝗋𝖾𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗻 𝗂𝗇 𝗵𝗮𝗽𝗉𝗒 𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁,	1	1	1	1	1	w	𝖧𝗈𝗐	1	How	how	1	haʊ	1	How	haʊ	U	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	advmod	NaN	4										Int		ADV			WRB	0.0	NaN	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.000000	1.0	4	1.0	0	1
											2	w	𝖼𝖺𝗇	2	can	can	1	kæn	1	can	kæn	U	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	aux	NaN	4												AUX	Fin		MD	0.0	NaN	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.333333	1.0	4	1.0	0	1
											3	s	𝗜	3	I	i	1	'aɪ	1	I	'aɪ	P	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	nsubj	NaN	4	Nom					Sing	1			Prs		PRON			PRP	0.0	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0.000000	1.0	5	0.0	0	1
											4	s	𝙩𝙝𝙚𝙣	4	then	then	1	'ðɛn	1	then	'ðɛn	P	H	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	5	advmod	NaN	4										Dem		ADV			RB	0.0	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0.000000	1.0	5	0.0	0	1
											5	w	𝗋𝖾	5	return	return	1	rɪ.'tɛːn	1	re	rɪ	U	L	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	root	NaN	4												VERB	Inf		VB	NaN	NaN	NaN	0.0	0.0	NaN	0.0	5	0.0	0	2
	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
	14	2	0	1	wSwSwSSwSSw	𝖠𝗇𝖽 𝗻𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝖽𝗈𝗍𝗁 𝗻𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗍𝗅𝗒 𝗺𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝙜𝙧𝙞𝙚𝙛'𝙨 𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘵𝘩 𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗺 𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙣𝗀𝖾𝗋.	4	17	14	1	8	w	𝘭𝘦𝘯𝘨𝘵𝘩	16	length	length	1	'lɛŋkθ	1	length	'lɛŋkθ	P	H	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	14	obj	NaN	2						Sing						NOUN			NN	1.0	0.0	0.0	NaN	1.0	0.750000	1.0	8	0.0	0	1
											9	s	𝘀𝗲𝗲𝗺	17	seem	seem	1	'siːm	1	seem	'siːm	P	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	14	xcomp	NaN	2												VERB	Inf		VB	1.0	0.0	0.0	NaN	1.0	0.750000	1.0	10	0.0	0	1
											10	s	𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙣	18	stronger	stronger	1	'strɔːŋ.ɛː	1	stron	'strɔːŋ	P	H	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17	xcomp	NaN	2			Cmp									ADJ			JJR	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.000000	1.0	12	0.0	0	2
											11	w	𝗀𝖾𝗋	18	stronger	stronger	1	'strɔːŋ.ɛː	2	ger	ɛː	U	L	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	17	xcomp	NaN	2			Cmp									ADJ			JJR	NaN	NaN	NaN	0.0	0.0	NaN	0.0	12	0.0	0	2
											12	NaN	.	19	.		0		0	.		NaN	NaN	0.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	5	punct	NaN	2												PUNCT			.	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	3	NaN	1	0

303 rows × 36 columns

# Parse prose
prose.parse()

Is it that by its indefiniteness it shadows forth

the heartless voids and immensities of the universe,

and thus

stabs us from behind with the thought of annihilation,

when beholding the white depths of the milky way?

Or is it,

that as in essence whiteness is not so

much a colour as the visible absence of colour;

and at the same time the concrete of all colours;

is it for these reasons that there is such a dumb blankness,

full of meaning,

in a wide landscape of snows:

a colourless,

all- colour of atheism from which we shrink?

																								*total	*s_unstressed	*unres_across	*unres_within	*w_peak	*w_stressed	dep_head	dep_type	mtree_ishead	num_parses	pos_case	pos_definite	pos_degree	pos_gender	pos_mood	pos_number	pos_person	pos_polarity	pos_poss	pos_prontype	pos_tense	pos_upos	pos_verbform	pos_xpos	prom_lstress	prom_pstrength	prom_pstress	prom_strength	prom_stress	prom_tstress	prom_weight	word_depth	word_isfunc	word_ispunc	word_nsyll
para_i	unit_i	parse_rank	is_troch	parse_i	parse	parse_str	sent_i	sentpart_i	line_i	combo_i	slot_i	slot_meter	syll_str_parse	word_i	word_str	word_tok	word_ipa_i	word_ipa	syll_i	syll_str	syll_ipa	syll_stress	syll_weight
1	1	1	0	1	wSwwSwSwSwwSSw	𝖨𝗌 𝗶𝘁 𝗍𝗁𝖺𝗍 𝖻𝗒 𝙞𝙩𝙨 𝗂𝗇𝗱𝗲𝖿𝗂𝙣𝙞𝗍𝖾𝗇𝖾𝗌𝗌 𝘪𝘵 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗱𝗼𝘄𝘀 𝘧𝘰𝘳𝘵𝘩	1	1	1	12	1	w	𝖨𝗌	1	Is	is	2	ɪz	1	Is	ɪz	U	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8	aux	0.0	27					Ind	Sing	3				Pres	AUX	Fin	VBZ	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.666667	1.0	3	1.0	0	1
											2	s	𝗶𝘁	2	it	it	1	'ɪt	1	it	'ɪt	P	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8	nsubj	NaN	27	Nom			Neut		Sing	3			Prs		PRON		PRP	0.0	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0.333333	1.0	4	0.0	0	1
											3	w	𝗍𝗁𝖺𝗍	3	that	that	2	ðət	1	that	ðət	U	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8	mark	NaN	27												SCONJ		IN	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.333333	1.0	4	1.0	0	1
											4	w	𝖻𝗒	4	by	by	1	baɪ	1	by	baɪ	U	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6	case	NaN	27												ADP		IN	0.0	NaN	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.333333	1.0	4	1.0	0	1
											5	s	𝙞𝙩𝙨	5	its	its	1	ɪts	1	its	ɪts	U	H	1.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	6	nmod:poss	0.0	27				Neut		Sing	3		Yes	Prs		PRON		PRP$	0.0	0.0	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.333333	1.0	5	1.0	0	1
	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
	14	8	0	8	wSwwSwSwwSwS	𝖺𝗅𝗅- 𝗰𝗼𝗅𝗈𝗎𝗋 𝘰𝘧 𝗮𝘁𝗁𝖾𝗶𝗌𝗆 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝗐𝖾 𝘀𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗸?	2	11	6	14	10	w	𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮	66	from	from	1	frʌm	1	from	frʌm	U	H	1.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	67	case	NaN	8												ADP		IN	0.0	0.0	0.0	NaN	0.0	0.250000	1.0	13	1.0	0	1
											11	s	𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵	67	which	which	1	'wɪʧ	1	which	'wɪʧ	P	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69	obl	NaN	8										Rel		PRON		WDT	0.0	NaN	0.0	1.0	1.0	0.000000	1.0	14	0.0	0	1
											12	w	𝗐𝖾	68	we	we	2	wiː	1	we	wiː	U	L	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	69	nsubj	NaN	8	Nom					Plur	1			Prs		PRON		PRP	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.250000	0.0	14	1.0	0	1
											13	s	𝘀𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗸	69	shrink	shrink	1	'ʃrɪŋk	1	shrink	'ʃrɪŋk	P	H	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63	acl:relcl	NaN	8					Ind	Plur	1				Pres	VERB	Fin	VBP	1.0	1.0	1.0	NaN	1.0	1.000000	1.0	14	0.0	0	1
											14	NaN	?	70	?		0		0	?		NaN	NaN	0.0	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	3	punct	NaN	8												PUNCT		.	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	NaN	3	NaN	1	0

1241 rows × 35 columns