Thermal Bridging and Derating

documentation/reference_doc/bibliography.bib

@@ -22,6 +22,13 @@ @techreport{ashrae_901_2010
   year         = 2010
 }
 
+@techreport{ashrae_901_2022,
+  title        = {Standard 90.1-2022 (I-P Edition)  Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings},
+  author       = {ASHRAE},
+  institution  = {ASHRAE},
+  year         = 2022
+}
+
 @misc{egrid2020,
   title        = {Emissions and Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID), 2020},
   author       = {{U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)}},
@@ -583,6 +590,13 @@ @misc{trane_foundation
   year         = 2023,
 }
 
+@misc{tbd_gem,
+  title        = {Thermal Bridging and Derating, Version 3.4.2},
+  author       = {Denis Bourgeois and Dan Macumber},
+  url          = {https://github.com/rd2/tbd},
+  year         = 2024,
+}
+
 @misc{carrier_economiser,
   title        = {Carrier Economi$er},
   author       = {{Carrier}},

national/housing_characteristics/options_lookup.tsv

@@ -4638,6 +4638,15 @@ baseline_window_type	Single - No LowE - Tinted/Reflective - Aluminum	replace_bas
 baseline_window_type	Single - No LowE - Tinted/Reflective - Wood	replace_baseline_windows	window_pane_type=Single - No LowE - Tinted/Reflective - Wood	u_value_ip=0.91	shgc=0.525	vlt=0.436
 baseline_window_type	Triple - LowE - Clear - Thermally Broken Aluminum	replace_baseline_windows	window_pane_type=Triple - LowE - Clear - Thermally Broken Aluminum	u_value_ip=0.3	shgc=0.328	vlt=0.527
 baseline_window_type	Triple - LowE - Tinted/Reflective - Thermally Broken Aluminum	replace_baseline_windows	window_pane_type=Triple - LowE - Tinted/Reflective - Thermally Broken Aluminum	u_value_ip=0.299	shgc=0.224	vlt=0.32
+thermal_bridging	steel-framed and metal default	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|steel.m|default
+thermal_bridging	steel-framed and metal unmitigated	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|steel.m|unmitigated
+thermal_bridging	mass default	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|mass.ex|default
+thermal_bridging	mass unmitigated	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|mass.ex|unmitigated
+thermal_bridging	interior mass default	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|mass.in|default
+thermal_bridging	interior mass unmitigated	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|mass.in|unmitigated
+thermal_bridging	wood-framed default	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|wood.fr|default
+thermal_bridging	wood-framed unmitigated	thermal_bridging_derating	option=90.1.22|wood.fr|unmitigated
+thermal_bridging	no thermal bridging	thermal_bridging_derating	option=(non thermal bridging)
 baseline_hvac_sizing	autosize	hardsize_model	apply_hardsize=false
 baseline_hvac_sizing	hardsize	hardsize_model	apply_hardsize=true
 occupancy_schedule_adjust	adjust_schedule	adjust_occupancy_schedule	peak_occ_frac=0.231

resources/Gemfile

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ gem 'openstudio-workflow', '= 2.4.0'
 gem 'openstudio-standards', '= 0.6.3'
 #gem 'openstudio-standards', git: 'https://github.com/NREL/openstudio-standards.git', ref: 'e61d7d41a0e285cc99c7c6ea4aff1fcdc0be3599'
 # gem 'openstudio-standards', path: "C:/GitRepos/openstudio-standards" # Use this format when testing openstudio-standards changes locally
-gem 'tbd', '= 3.4.1'
+gem 'tbd', '= 3.4.2'
 gem 'openstudio-geb', '= 0.4.0',:github => 'LBNL-ETA/Openstudio-GEB-gem', :ref => 'a18e023936dd5c92be7dbf354f6331f60a965828'
 
 group :test do

resources/measures/README.md

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ Measures are added to the workflow in order they first appear in the [`options_l
 | add_thermostat_setpoint_variability      | Modifies the heating and cooling setpoints and setbacks/setups. |
 | set_primary_kitchen_equipment            | Replaces kitchen equiment with discrete equipment assumptions |
 | replace_baseline_windows                 | Replaces windows in model (originally based on code) with windows of a specific technology type (single-pane, double-pane, etc.) |
+| thermal_bridging_derating                | Derates opaque constructions thermal resistance to account for thermal bridging |
 | adjust_occupancy_schedule                | Reduced the values of all occupancy schedules in the model by a specified percentage |
 | hardsize_model                           | Do a sizing run, which populates the SQL file with the EnergyPlus-calculated capacities and flows |
 |                                          | Hard-size HVAC and SWH equipment in the model based on EnergyPlus-calculated capacities and flows. No model changes from here forward will be reflected in the sizing of HVAC equipment unless done intentionally as part of an upgrade. |

resources/measures/set_roof_template/measure.rb

@@ -198,49 +198,58 @@ def run(model, runner, user_arguments)
     reset_log
     standard = Standard.build("#{template}")
 
-    # Apply standard constructions to this model at the surface-by-surface level,
-    # which will override default contruction sets for the surface types being updated,
-    # which is not all surface types.
-    types_to_modify = []
-    types_to_modify << ['Outdoors', 'RoofCeiling']
-
-    # Find just those surfaces
-    surfaces_to_modify = []
-    types_to_modify.each do |boundary_condition, surface_type|
-      # Surfaces
-      model.getSurfaces.sort.each do |surf|
-        next unless surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == boundary_condition
-        next unless surf.surfaceType == surface_type
-
-        surfaces_to_modify << surf
-      end
-
-      # SubSurfaces
-      model.getSubSurfaces.sort.each do |surf|
-        next unless surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == boundary_condition
-        next unless surf.subSurfaceType == surface_type
-
-        surfaces_to_modify << surf
-      end
+    # Check that a default construction set is defined
+    bldg_def_const_set = model.getBuilding.defaultConstructionSet
+    unless bldg_def_const_set.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError('Model does not have a default construction set.')
+      return false
     end
+    bldg_def_const_set = bldg_def_const_set.get
 
-    # Modify these surfaces
-    prev_created_consts = {}
-    surfaces_to_modify.sort.each do |surf|
-      prev_created_consts = standard.planar_surface_apply_standard_construction(surf, climate_zone, prev_created_consts)
+    # Check that a default exterior construction set is defined
+    ext_surf_consts = bldg_def_const_set.defaultExteriorSurfaceConstructions
+    unless ext_surf_consts.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError("Default construction set '#{bldg_def_const_set.name}' has no default exterior surface constructions.")
+      return false
     end
+    ext_surf_consts = ext_surf_consts.get
 
-    # List the unique array of constructions
-    prev_created_consts.each do |surf_type, construction|
-      runner.registerInfo("For #{surf_type.join(' ')}, applied #{construction.name}.")
+    # Check that a default exterior roof is defined
+    unless ext_surf_consts.roofCeilingConstruction.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError("Default surface construction set #{ext_surf_consts.name} has no default exterior roof construction.")
+      return false
     end
+    old_construction = ext_surf_consts.roofCeilingConstruction.get
+    standards_info = old_construction.standardsInformation
 
-    log_messages_to_runner(runner, debug = false)
-    reset_log
+    # Get the old roof construction type
+    if standards_info.standardsConstructionType.empty?
+      old_roof_construction_type = 'Not defined'
+    else
+      old_roof_construction_type = standards_info.standardsConstructionType.get
+    end
 
-    if prev_created_consts.size.zero?
-      runner.registerAsNotApplicable("Found no #{surf_type.join(' ')} surfaces in the model to update")
+    # Get the building occupancy type
+    if model.getBuilding.standardsBuildingType.is_initialized
+      model_building_type = model.getBuilding.standardsBuildingType.get
+    else
+      model_building_type = ''
+    end
+    if ['SmallHotel', 'LargeHotel', 'MidriseApartment', 'HighriseApartment'].include?(model_building_type)
+      occ_type = 'Residential'
+    else
+      occ_type = 'Nonresidential'
     end
+    climate_zone_set = standard.model_find_climate_zone_set(model, climate_zone)
+    new_construction = standard.model_find_and_add_construction(model,
+                                                                climate_zone_set,
+                                                                'ExteriorRoof',
+                                                                old_roof_construction_type,
+                                                                occ_type)
+    ext_surf_consts.setRoofCeilingConstruction(new_construction)
+
+    log_messages_to_runner(runner, debug = false)
+    reset_log
 
     return true
   end

resources/measures/set_roof_template/measure.xml

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
   <schema_version>3.1</schema_version>
   <name>set_roof_template</name>
   <uid>0b13c46d-123f-4d6c-b5d8-65a23acf1141</uid>
-  <version_id>3f9d5a8d-5986-4beb-bfbe-b87310d67228</version_id>
-  <version_modified>2024-06-20T18:58:40Z</version_modified>
+  <version_id>50a0d7cb-0683-4f02-aaea-8d24b379101a</version_id>
+  <version_modified>2024-09-09T21:44:53Z</version_modified>
   <xml_checksum>66CE07BA</xml_checksum>
   <class_name>SetRoofTemplate</class_name>
   <display_name>Set Roof Template</display_name>
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
       <filename>measure.rb</filename>
       <filetype>rb</filetype>
       <usage_type>script</usage_type>
-      <checksum>ADEF285E</checksum>
+      <checksum>F5D033A6</checksum>
     </file>
     <file>
       <filename>Rt3-DEER Pre-1975-DXEH-CEC T24-CEC1.osm</filename>
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
       <filename>measure_test.rb</filename>
       <filetype>rb</filetype>
       <usage_type>test</usage_type>
-      <checksum>B6C88F42</checksum>
+      <checksum>E7647EF2</checksum>
     </file>
   </files>
 </measure>

resources/measures/set_roof_template/tests/measure_test.rb

@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ def test_envelope_changes
     # and the energy code being applied have the same envelope requirements.
     expected_const_name = 'DEER Mass Roof R-17.48'
     modified_surf = model.getSurfaceByName(modified_surf_name).get
-    assert(modified_surf.isConstructionDefaulted == false, "Expected construction for #{modified_surf_name} to be hard-assigned.")
     modified_surf_const_name = modified_surf.construction.get.name.to_s
     assert_equal(expected_const_name, modified_surf_const_name)
 

resources/measures/set_wall_template/measure.rb

@@ -198,49 +198,58 @@ def run(model, runner, user_arguments)
     reset_log
     standard = Standard.build("#{template}")
 
-    # Apply standard constructions to this model at the surface-by-surface level,
-    # which will override default contruction sets for the surface types being updated,
-    # which is not all surface types.
-    types_to_modify = []
-    types_to_modify << ['Outdoors', 'Wall']
-
-    # Find just those surfaces
-    surfaces_to_modify = []
-    types_to_modify.each do |boundary_condition, surface_type|
-      # Surfaces
-      model.getSurfaces.sort.each do |surf|
-        next unless surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == boundary_condition
-        next unless surf.surfaceType == surface_type
-
-        surfaces_to_modify << surf
-      end
-
-      # SubSurfaces
-      model.getSubSurfaces.sort.each do |surf|
-        next unless surf.outsideBoundaryCondition == boundary_condition
-        next unless surf.subSurfaceType == surface_type
-
-        surfaces_to_modify << surf
-      end
+    # Check that a default construction set is defined
+    bldg_def_const_set = model.getBuilding.defaultConstructionSet
+    unless bldg_def_const_set.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError('Model does not have a default construction set.')
+      return false
     end
+    bldg_def_const_set = bldg_def_const_set.get
 
-    # Modify these surfaces
-    prev_created_consts = {}
-    surfaces_to_modify.sort.each do |surf|
-      prev_created_consts = standard.planar_surface_apply_standard_construction(surf, climate_zone, prev_created_consts)
+    # Check that a default exterior construction set is defined
+    ext_surf_consts = bldg_def_const_set.defaultExteriorSurfaceConstructions
+    unless ext_surf_consts.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError("Default construction set '#{bldg_def_const_set.name}' has no default exterior surface constructions.")
+      return false
     end
+    ext_surf_consts = ext_surf_consts.get
 
-    # List the unique array of constructions
-    prev_created_consts.each do |surf_type, construction|
-      runner.registerInfo("For #{surf_type.join(' ')}, applied #{construction.name}.")
+    # Check that a default exterior wall is defined
+    unless ext_surf_consts.wallConstruction.is_initialized
+      runner.registerError("Default surface construction set #{ext_surf_consts.name} has no default exterior wall construction.")
+      return false
     end
+    old_construction = ext_surf_consts.wallConstruction.get
+    standards_info = old_construction.standardsInformation
 
-    log_messages_to_runner(runner, debug = false)
-    reset_log
+    # Get the old wall construction type
+    if standards_info.standardsConstructionType.empty?
+      old_wall_construction_type = 'Not defined'
+    else
+      old_wall_construction_type = standards_info.standardsConstructionType.get
+    end
 
-    if prev_created_consts.size.zero?
-      runner.registerAsNotApplicable("Found no #{surf_type.join(' ')} surfaces in the model to update")
+    # Get the building occupancy type
+    if model.getBuilding.standardsBuildingType.is_initialized
+      model_building_type = model.getBuilding.standardsBuildingType.get
+    else
+      model_building_type = ''
+    end
+    if ['SmallHotel', 'LargeHotel', 'MidriseApartment', 'HighriseApartment'].include?(model_building_type)
+      occ_type = 'Residential'
+    else
+      occ_type = 'Nonresidential'
     end
+    climate_zone_set = standard.model_find_climate_zone_set(model, climate_zone)
+    new_construction = standard.model_find_and_add_construction(model,
+                                                                climate_zone_set,
+                                                                'ExteriorWall',
+                                                                old_wall_construction_type,
+                                                                occ_type)
+    ext_surf_consts.setWallConstruction(new_construction)
+
+    log_messages_to_runner(runner, debug = false)
+    reset_log
 
     return true
   end

resources/measures/set_wall_template/measure.xml

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
   <schema_version>3.1</schema_version>
   <name>set_wall_template</name>
   <uid>3d02e4de-a6ad-4d83-8331-078f9fd5bb6f</uid>
-  <version_id>1cfe28de-1c49-4751-b51d-55c42a4594b0</version_id>
-  <version_modified>2024-06-20T18:58:41Z</version_modified>
+  <version_id>01564a56-0147-4bdc-a8d1-a4e43f2b46ef</version_id>
+  <version_modified>2024-09-09T21:45:03Z</version_modified>
   <xml_checksum>66CE07BA</xml_checksum>
   <class_name>SetWallTemplate</class_name>
   <display_name>Set Wall Template</display_name>
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@
       <filename>measure.rb</filename>
       <filetype>rb</filetype>
       <usage_type>script</usage_type>
-      <checksum>924C20FA</checksum>
+      <checksum>82CC940E</checksum>
     </file>
     <file>
       <filename>Rt3-DEER Pre-1975-DXEH-CEC T24-CEC1.osm</filename>
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
       <filename>measure_test.rb</filename>
       <filetype>rb</filetype>
       <usage_type>test</usage_type>
-      <checksum>7A9D265F</checksum>
+      <checksum>5EEB08DD</checksum>
     </file>
   </files>
 </measure>

resources/measures/set_wall_template/tests/measure_test.rb

@@ -144,7 +144,6 @@ def test_envelope_changes
     # and the energy code being applied have the same envelope requirements.
     expected_const_name = 'DEER Insulated Exterior Mass Wall R-3.51 1'
     modified_surf = model.getSurfaceByName(modified_surf_name).get
-    assert(modified_surf.isConstructionDefaulted == false, "Expected construction for #{modified_surf_name} to be hard-assigned.")
     modified_surf_const_name = modified_surf.construction.get.name.to_s
     assert_equal(expected_const_name, modified_surf_const_name)
 

resources/measures/thermal_bridging_derating/LICENSE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2020-2024 Denis Bourgeois & Dan Macumber
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

resources/measures/thermal_bridging_derating/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+
+###### (Automatically generated documentation)
+
+# Thermal Bridging Derating
+
+## Description
+Derates opaque construction thermal resistance for major thermal bridges.
+
+## Modeler Description
+This measure is adapted from the Thermal Bridging and Derating measure. Details, including default psi value sets, are avialble at rd2.github.io/tbd
+
+## Measure Type
+ModelMeasure
+
+## Taxonomy
+
+
+## Arguments
+
+
+### Default thermal bridge set
+e.g. '90.1.22|steel.m|unmitigated'
+**Name:** option,
+**Type:** Choice,
+**Units:** ,
+**Required:** false,
+**Model Dependent:** false
+
+
+
+